Sandy Coasts

What type of coastal structure is formed by sand extending from the shore into open water, often at a bend in the coastline?

A) Stack

B) Bar

C) Spit

D) Dune

• Dune

• Bar

• Stack

• Spit

What landform is created inland by wind transporting sand and stabilising it with vegetation?
A) Sand dune
B) Spit
C) Shoal
D) Blowhole

• Blowhole

• Shoal

• Spit

• Sand dune

Which weather system is most likely to cause a storm surge and beach erosion?
A) High pressure system
B) Low pressure system
C) Sea breeze
D) Warm front

• Warm front

• Sea breeze

• Low pressure system

• High pressure system

What term describes the process of sand being moved along the beach by angled wave approach?
A) Cross-shore transport
B) Accretion
C) Longshore drift
D) Beach rollover

• Cross-shore transport

• Longshore drift

• Accretion

• Beach rollover

Which process involves the movement of sand directly toward or away from the shore?
A) Cross-shore transport
B) Longshore drift
C) Prevailing winds
D) Deposition

• Prevailing winds

• Cross-shore transport

• Longshore drift

• Deposition

What is the term for the balance between sediment being added to and removed from a beach?
A) Wave budget
B) Sand budget
C) Coastal equilibrium
D) Sediment stacking

• Sediment stacking

• Coastal equilibrium

• Wave budget

• Sand budget

What kind of wave deposits more sand than it removes, helping to build up beaches?
A) Destructive wave
B) Rip current
C) Constructive wave
D) Neap tide

• Neap tide

• Destructive wave

• Rip current

• Constructive wave

What is the meaning of the term "erosion"?
A) The wearing away of land or beach by water, wind, or ice
B) The deposition of sediment
C) The formation of dunes
D) The upward movement of water

• The upward movement of water

• The deposition of sediment

• The wearing away of land or beach by water, wind, or ice

• The formation of dunes

What is the main cause of longshore drift?
A) Vertical wave energy
B) Angled swash and straight backwash
C) Earthquake aftershocks
D) River inflows

• Angled swash and straight backwash

• Earthquake aftershocks

• Vertical wave energy

• River inflows

What does backwash refer to?
A) The wave crest
B) Water moving up the beach
C) Water flowing back down the beach after a wave breaks
D) Offshore sandbars

• The wave crest

• Water moving up the beach

• Offshore sandbars

• Water flowing back down the beach after a wave breaks