Quiz about Hydrosphere EOG review

Question 1

A water molecule is made up of

Accepted Answer

two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom.

Answer

two hydrogen atoms bonded together.

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two oxygen atoms bonded to a hydrogen atom.

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two oxygen atoms bonded together.

Question 2

Because water consists of polar molecules,

Accepted Answer

water molecules tend to stick together.

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most of it is found at the North and South Poles.

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it falls as sleet or snow when temperatures are cold.

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it can be attracted using a magnet.

Question 3

Tightness across the surface of water that is caused by polar molecules pulling on each other is called

Accepted Answer

surface tension.

Answer

capillary action.

Answer

condensation.

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polar action.

Question 4

Water is often called the universal solvent because

Accepted Answer

it dissolves so many substances.

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it can cling to the fibers of paper and cloth.

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it exists in all three states on Earth.

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its frozen form floats on its liquid form.

Question 5

Water is the only substance on Earth that

Accepted Answer

a. commonly exists in all of its different states.

Answer

b. freezes at very low temperatures.

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c. boils at very high temperatures.

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d. exists in the liquid state.

Question 6

The process by which a gas changes into a liquid is called

Accepted Answer

condensation.

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evaporation.

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melting.

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freezing.

Question 7

Plants use water to

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make their own food.

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release as a waste product.

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keep predators away.

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attract pollinators.

Question 8

Approximately what percentage of Earth's water is fresh water?

Accepted Answer

3 percent

Answer

97 percent

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71 percent

Answer

30 percent

Question 9

As water moves slowly through a wetland, some waste materials settle out, some wastes are absorbed by plants, and silt and mud is trapped by plant roots. In this way, wetlands act as natural

Accepted Answer

filters.

Answer

habitats.

Answer

tributaries.

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artesian wells.

Question 10

Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers is called

Accepted Answer

groundwater.

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salt water.

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rainwater.

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water vapor.

Question 11

Water that falls to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail is called

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precipitation.

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condensation.

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evaporation.

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transpiration.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the Florida Everglades?

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a. a freshwater marsh

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b. a swamp

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c. a bog

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d. a salt marsh

Question 13

The total amount of water on Earth

Accepted Answer

is fairly constant.

Answer

is increasing.

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is decreasing.

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depends on the weather.

Question 14

A river system is made up of a river and its

Accepted Answer

tributaries.

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sediments.

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divides.

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runoff.

Question 15

The streams and small rivers that feed into a main river are called

Accepted Answer

tributaries.

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watersheds.

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divides.

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wetlands.

Question 16

The water in ponds and lakes is

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still.

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moving.

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deep.

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salty.

Question 17

A lake that stores water for human use is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

reservoir.

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dam.

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oxbow lake.

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pond.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a type of freshwater wetland?

Accepted Answer

a lake

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a marsh

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a swamp

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a bog

Question 19

Wetlands provide habitats for many living things because of their sheltered waters and

Accepted Answer

large supply of nutrients.

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thick layer of mud.

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lack of insects.

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ability to prevent floods.

Question 20

Wetlands help control flooding by

Accepted Answer

absorbing runoff from heavy rains.

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collecting water behind dams.

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providing natural water filtration.

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quickly releasing water.

Question 21

Materials that allow water to pass through them easily are

Accepted Answer

permeable.

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impermeable.

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saturated.

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unsaturated.

Question 22

People can obtain groundwater by drilling a well

Accepted Answer

into an aquifer.

Answer

above the water table.

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into the unsaturated zone.

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into the impermeable layer.

Question 23

An aquifer is a(n)

Accepted Answer

underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water.

Answer

well in which water rises because of pressure.

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type of hot spring from which the water periodically erupts.

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place where groundwater bubbles or flows out of cracks in the rock.

Question 24

An object that is more dense than the fluid in which it is immersed will

Accepted Answer

sink.

Answer

rise.

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neither rise nor sink.

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sink at first, than rise slowly.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a method for the desalination of ocean water?

Accepted Answer

aerating the water

Answer

evaporating the water, then allowing the vapor to condense

Answer

freezing the water

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filtering the water under high pressure

Question 26

Using less water so that it will not be used up is called

Accepted Answer

conservation.

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desalination.

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distribution.

Answer

irrigation.

Question 27

Which of the following is a way to conserve water?

Accepted Answer

reusing water in a factory to cool hot machinery

Answer

taking longer showers

Answer

letting the water run while you brush your teeth

Answer

using open ditches to carry water for irrigation

Question 28

The process of obtaining fresh water from salt water is called

Accepted Answer

desalination.

Answer

filtration.

Answer

conservation.

Answer

coagulation.

Question 29

The amount of one substance in a certain volume of another substance is its

Accepted Answer

concentration.

Answer

coagulation.

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filtration.

Answer

desalination.

Question 30

The pH of water is a measure of its

Accepted Answer

acidity.

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salitness.

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color.

Answer

cloudiness.

Question 31

Pure water is neutral, meaning it is neither an acid nor a base. Pure water has a pH of

Accepted Answer

7.

Answer

0.

Answer

14.

Answer

10.

Question 32

Several organisms live in a pond polluted with pesticide. The pond contains algae, small water animals that eat algae, fish that eat small water animals, and birds that eat fish. The highest concentration of pesticide would be found in the

Accepted Answer

birds.

Answer

small water animals.

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algae.

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fish.

Question 33

Why might chlorine be added to drinking water?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine kills disease-causing microorganisms.

Answer

Chlorine improves the taste of water.

Answer

Chlorine softens hard water.

Answer

Chlorine prevents water from becoming cloudy.

Question 34

Many homes that are not connected to public sanitary sewers might dispose of sewage using a(n)

Accepted Answer

septic system.

Answer

aquifer.

Answer

reservoir.

Answer

well.

Question 35

Specific sources of pollution that can be identified are called

Accepted Answer

point sources.

Answer

nonpoint sources.

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runoff.

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sewage.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a major source of freshwater pollution?

Accepted Answer

wetlands

Answer

human and animal wastes

Answer

industrial wastes

Answer

agricultural chemicals

Question 37

A water pollutant that is caused by smoke and exhaust is

Accepted Answer

acid rain.

Answer

sewage.

Answer

heat pollution.

Answer

road runoff.

Question 38

Pesticides are most likely to be found in runoff from

Accepted Answer

farm fields.

Answer

roads.

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homes.

Answer

factories.

Question 39

A pollutant often found in road runoff is

Accepted Answer

oil.

Answer

sewage.

Answer

pesticides.

Answer

industrial chemicals.

Question 40

Which of these examples is a water-conservation technique that also reduces water pollution?

Accepted Answer

factories reusing cooling water instead of returning it to a river

Answer

factories making printing inks with water instead of chemical solvents

Answer

farmers using fewer pesticides on farm fields

Answer

farmers planting fields of coarse grass that filter out pollutants

Question 41

An example of how living things can help clean up polluted water is

Accepted Answer

adding oil-eating bacteria to water polluted by an oil spill.

Answer

driving more gas-powered vehicles.

Answer

allowing the rock in an aquifer to naturally purify groundwater.

Answer

avoiding using fertilizers on lawns or gardens.

Question 42

A drought is a long period of

Accepted Answer

less rainfall than normal.

Answer

heavy, damaging rains.

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unusually hot weather.

Answer

rain coming late in the year.

Question 43

Which of the following is necessary to build a hydroelectric power plant?

Accepted Answer

a. a fast-moving river

Answer

b. space for tall smokestacks

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c. a large supply of fossil fuels

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d. oceanfront property

Question 44

One benefit of hydroelectric power plants is that they

Accepted Answer

do not cause air pollution.

Answer

are inexpensive to build.

Answer

depend on fossil fuels.

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can be built in any location.

Question 45

What is one disadvantage of building dams?

Accepted Answer

They flood large areas of land, forcing people to move.

Answer

They provide electricity for many people.

Answer

They supply water for irrigation.

Answer

They can help in controlling floods.

Question 46

What is one way that dams affect living things in a river?

Accepted Answer

Dams can prevent fish from traveling to the place where they lay their eggs.

Answer

Dams supply water for irrigation.

Answer

Dams give salmon and other fish room to swim farther.

Answer

Dams send extra nutrients farther down the river.

Question 47

The horizontal distance between wave crests is the

Accepted Answer

wavelength.

Answer

frequency.

Answer

trough.

Answer

wave height.

Question 48

The lowest point of a wave is the

Accepted Answer

trough.

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crest.

Answer

wavelength.

Answer

frequency.

Question 49

As a wave nears shore, the wave height increases and the wavelength

Accepted Answer

decreases.

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increases.

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stays the same.

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doubles.

Question 50

When a tsunami hits the shore, it can be very destructive because of its large

Accepted Answer

wave height.

Answer

sandbar.

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trough.

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frequency.

Question 51

Tides are caused by

Accepted Answer

the interaction of Earth, the moon, and the sun.

Answer

strong winds that blow over ocean waters.

Answer

the shifting of the plates on the ocean floor.

Answer

variations in the salinity of ocean water.

Question 52

Salinity is a measure of which of the following in water?

Accepted Answer

dissolved salts

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

oxygen

Answer

sand

Question 53

The densest ocean water is generally found

Accepted Answer

in the deep zone.

Answer

in the surface zone.

Answer

in the transition zone.

Answer

along the coast.

Question 54

In which zone is ocean temperature most affected by the weather?

Accepted Answer

surface zone

Answer

transition zone

Answer

deep zone

Answer

polar zone

Question 55

As you descend through the water column,

Accepted Answer

temperature decreases.

Answer

pressure decreases.

Answer

light increases.

Answer

density decreases.

Question 56

A large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

current.

Answer

tsunami.

Answer

tide.

Answer

undertow.

Question 57

The growth of algae in ocean water is limited by their need for

Accepted Answer

carbon dioxide and sunlight.

Answer

warm ocean currents.

Answer

dissolved oxygen.

Answer

low salinity.

Question 58

A technique that uses sound waves to measure the depth of the ocean floor is

Accepted Answer

sonar.

Answer

dredging.

Answer

SCUBA.

Answer

weighted lines.

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a connection between an ocean food web and a land food web?

Accepted Answer

A polar bear eats a seal.

Answer

A whale eats a cod.

Answer

A small fish eats plankton.

Answer

A cod eats a small fish.

Question 60

A deep canyon in the ocean floor is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

trench.

Answer

abyssal plain.

Answer

seamount.

Answer

continental shelf.

Question 61

Sea-floor spreading occurs in places where two plates are

Accepted Answer

diverging.

Answer

converging.

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motionless.

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breaking the surface.

Question 62

Benthos are organisms that live

Accepted Answer

on the ocean floor.

Answer

on the surface of water.

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throughout the water column.

Answer

in shallow water.

Question 63

Which of the following organisms is an example of nekton?

Accepted Answer

dolphin

Answer

lobster

Answer

clam

Answer

sea star

Question 64

Many organisms that live in the rocky intertidal zone are adapted to cling to the rocks to withstand the

Accepted Answer

pounding of the waves.

Answer

changes in salinity.

Answer

periods of being underwater and exposed to air.

Answer

changes in density.

Hydrosphere EOG review

89 questions

A water molecule is made up of

Because water consists of polar molecules,

Tightness across the surface of water that is caused by polar molecules pulling on each other is called

Water is often called the universal solvent because

Water is the only substance on Earth that

The process by which a gas changes into a liquid is called

Plants use water to

Approximately what percentage of Earth's water is fresh water?

As water moves slowly through a wetland, some waste materials settle out, some wastes are absorbed by plants, and silt and mud is trapped by plant roots. In this way, wetlands act as natural

Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers is called

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