MYP Y5 Phil 3rd term retake

What is the correct definition of "positive freedom"?

• The ability and opportunity to make autonomous choices

• That you should be positively allowed to have the freedom to do whatever you choose to do

• That there is always a positive side for any choices we make.

• It refers to our ability to exert our will without coercion

What did the Stoic Epictetus mean when he said "“Some things are in our control and others not. Things in our control are opinion, pursuit, desire, aversion, and, in a word, whatever are our own actions. Things not in our control are body, property, reputation, command, and, in one word, whatever are not our own actions.”

• Knowing that I'm a thinking thing that thinks and is able to control things

• Knowing that our will can't ever match the subjective transcendentality that can be found in the Platonic Metaphysical realm

• Knowing that happiness will be found in accepting that there are things that we simply cannot control and that's the human condition

• Knowing that the metamorphosed child will have to fit the dragon in order to be in control

What did Hannah Arendt mean when she said that evil was "banal"?

• That evil is a monstruosity humanity should never have to endure.

• She meant that nazis were banally evil

• That evil is unimportant

• That evil is not a mysterious force behind monsters, but can be found in our everyday lives and is caused by normal people.

What is the only way to fight the "banality of evil"?

Which philosopher developed an ethical system called "deontology", the main tenets of which are the categorical imperatives?

What are the stages of Nietzsche's metamorphoses into the Übermensch?

• Child

  Human

  Super-Human

• Camel

  Lion

  Child

• Camel

  Goat

  Lion

  Dragon

  Child

• Lion

  Dragon

  Child

What is the role of our will in the formation of our personality?

• To contradict our intelligence, so it has an emotional counterpart.

• To act together with our intelligence to totally suppress our temper and character

• To act upon our temper to regulate our impulses

• To form character step by step

Why did Freud say that we are not really free?

• Because the ego is trying to attend both the demands of the id and the Superego, which is impossible, so it's controlled by the unconscious part of our mind

• Because Freud believed the ego was the most powerful part of the mind and always made rational choices.

• Because he thought people were completely controlled by external social rules, not their own mind.

• Because the Superego is the only part of the mind we use, and it wants total freedom.

What is the significance of the phrase "the unexamined life is not worth living" in relation to personal freedom?

• It means that only those who are free can live without examination

• It indicates that freedom is only valuable if it is shared with others

• It suggests that self-reflection is essential for true freedom

• It implies that living without questioning is a form of freedom

What is the definition of "culture"?

• It refers to our social condition: "Humans are social animals," as Aristotle said

• It refers to a group of individuals that have some type of common tie

• It refers to being civilized

• It refers to the set of customs, institutions, habits, values, beliefs, morality, art…, defining a social group