Semester II Final Review (Invertebrates)

What are the characteristics of Echinoderms?

• All live in marine water (saltwater).

• They can be found in freshwater environments.

• They have a hard outer shell made of calcium carbonate.

• They are primarily terrestrial organisms.

What are the characteristics of Sponges?

• Radial symmetry, complex tissues, and organs; asexual reproduction.

• No symmetry, tissues, or organs; hermaphroditic reproduction.

• Bilateral symmetry, specialized organs, and sexual reproduction.

• Asymmetrical body structure, no true tissues, and asexual reproduction.

How do roundworms like hookworms move?

• Using only longitudinal muscles that allow them to thrash.

• Using only circular muscles for smooth movement.

• By swimming in a wave-like motion.

• By crawling on their sides using bristles.

What type of body symmetry does this organism have?

• Bilateral Symmetry

• Radial Symmetry

• Asymmetrical

• Spherical Symmetry

What are examples of Cephalopods?

• Octopus, squid, nautilus, and cuttlefish

• Crustaceans like crabs and lobsters

• Fish such as salmon and trout

• Mollusks like snails and clams

What is Complete Metamorphosis, and what organisms exhibit this?

• 3 stages: egg, larva, & adult; (Ex: Frogs, Toads)

• 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa, & adult; pupa transforms into the adult. (Ex: Butterflies, Ladybugs)

• 2 stages: egg & adult; (Ex: Snakes, Lizards)

• 5 stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult, & senescent; (Ex: Moths, Beetles)

How do segmented worms like earthworms move?

• Using longitudinal and circular muscles, segments, & setae.

• By using fins and gills to swim through water.

• By contracting their body in a wave-like motion.

• Through the use of a hard exoskeleton for support.

What happens if an insect's exoskeleton is damaged?

• Soft body parts are exposed, lose water, muscles cannot attach.

• The insect can regenerate its exoskeleton quickly.

• The insect becomes immune to predators.

• The insect's body hardens to protect itself.

What are the characteristics shared by all animals?

• Heterotrophs, Multicellular, Eukaryotes

• Autotrophs, Unicellular, Prokaryotes

• Heterotrophs, Multicellular, Prokaryotes

• Autotrophs, Multicellular, Eukaryotes

Why do organisms molt?

• To grow larger.

• To change color for camouflage.

• To reproduce more effectively.

• To increase their lifespan.