Explanations for failure and success of diets

according to Heatherton and Polivy (1992) state dieting often begins in ___________ when individuals (overwhelmingly women) experience body dissatisfaction.

• Childhood

• Adolescence

• Adulthood

Initially, first time dieters experience some success because they temporarily lose weight. But lasting weight loss is rare, so ultimately weight is regained, and the diet fails.

• true

• false

The dieter experiences more frustration and emotional distress, which makes them vulnerable to ___________ eating

• Inhibited

• disinhibited

In the spiral model metabolic processes in the body change so that weight loss becomes physically more difficult to achieve. For instance, ___________ levels increase (stimulates appetite) and leptin levels decrease (again this increases appetite) after significant weight loss.

In the spiral model metabolic processes in the body change so that weight loss becomes physically more difficult to achieve. For instance, ghrelin levels increase (stimulates appetite) and ___________ levels decrease (again this increases appetite) after significant weight loss.

Certain foods become more salient (they stand out) when a dieter labels them ________. For example, this leads to disinhibition of eating, excessive food intake and ultimately dieting failure.

• forbidden

• acceptable

According to Ironic process theory attempting to distract yourself from thinking about forbidden foods (for example by reading a book) requires mental activity. This leaves you lacking the cognitive processing capacity to suppress the thought, which inevitably reappears.

• true

• false

The spiral model points out that continuous restraint leads to emotional frustration and distress, which the dieter tries to combat by eating.

• true

• false

According to ironic processes theory the dieter is constantly reminded of foods they are not supposed to eat. This means they think about food more than usual but does not mean they eat more

• true

• false