Exploring Cell Biology Concepts

What is the basic unit of life?

• organ

• organism

• tissue

• cell

What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• The cell membrane synthesizes proteins.

• The cell membrane stores genetic information.

• The cell membrane provides energy for cellular processes.

• The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Describe the role of ribosomes in a cell.

• Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating mRNA into polypeptides.

• Ribosomes transport nutrients across the cell membrane.

• Ribosomes are responsible for cell division and replication.

• Ribosomes store genetic information in the nucleus.

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Eukaryotic cells are always smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have both.

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

• The nucleus functions as the control center of the cell, containing DNA and regulating gene expression.

• The nucleus transports nutrients across the cell membrane.

• The nucleus is responsible for protein synthesis.

• The nucleus produces energy for the cell.

What are lysosomes and what is their function?

• Lysosomes are organelles that digest and recycle waste materials and cellular debris.

• Lysosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

• Lysosomes are involved in photosynthesis.

• Lysosomes are the powerhouses of the cell.

Explain the process of cellular respiration.

• Cellular respiration is the breakdown of proteins into amino acids.

• Cellular respiration is the process of converting glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water through Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain.

• The process involves converting energy into glucose and oxygen.

• Cellular respiration only occurs in plants during photosynthesis.

What is the significance of the endoplasmic reticulum?

• The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for energy production in the cell.

• The endoplasmic reticulum is essential for protein and lipid synthesis, detoxification, and intracellular transport.

• The endoplasmic reticulum is primarily involved in DNA replication.

• The endoplasmic reticulum is mainly a storage organelle for waste products.

How do plant cells differ from animal cells?

• Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; animal cells do not.

• Animal cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; plant cells do not.

• Animal cells can photosynthesize due to the presence of chloroplasts.

• Plant cells are smaller than animal cells and have more organelles.