Post-test bahasa Inggris 6

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China is entering a severe demographic crisis. For several centuries, this Asian powerhouse has long held the distinction of being the world’s most populous nation. However, it is now facing a demographic decline. In 2022, the country registered more deaths than births. This unsettling demographic shift is poised to culminate in the foreseeable future with India overtaking China in total population size, a transition that many demographers believe has already occurred.

The likelihood is this falling population will lead to an economic slowdown, with a greater number of dependents and fewer workers to support them. Nevertheless, attempts to reverse the trend through policy that encourages couples to have more children have proved ineffective. China will need to turn to other measures to solve its population problem. In a nutshell, China needs immigrants.

The magnitude of the demographic challenge that Beijing’s policymakers are facing is considerable. In 2022, the Chinese government reported 10.41 million deaths in the country and 9.56 million births. This was the first time China has seen more annual deaths than births since the Great Leap Forward of 1958 to 1962 during which a severe famine resulting from bad economic policies contributed to 30 million to 40 million more deaths than would have been expected. If present trends continue, China is expected to lose more than a third of its 1.4 billion population. Some projections have the country dropping to a population of 800 million by the year 2100.

The impact of this change will be felt across Chinese society as the country is already aging. The median age in China is now 38 compared to 28 just two decades ago; in contrast, India today has a median age of 28. People of age 65 and over now comprise 14% of China’s population compared to 7% of India’s. Once a nation’s population is in decline, there are only two ways to reverse the trend: encourage people to have more children or get people from outside the country to move in.

The author’s attitude regarding immigration is ...

• pessimistic

• cautious

• supportive

• reluctant

• undecided

[Baca teks berikut untuk menjawab soal nomor 1-2!]

China is entering a severe demographic crisis. For several centuries, this Asian powerhouse has long held the distinction of being the world’s most populous nation. However, it is now facing a demographic decline. In 2022, the country registered more deaths than births. This unsettling demographic shift is poised to culminate in the foreseeable future with India overtaking China in total population size, a transition that many demographers believe has already occurred.

The likelihood is this falling population will lead to an economic slowdown, with a greater number of dependents and fewer workers to support them. Nevertheless, attempts to reverse the trend through policy that encourages couples to have more children have proved ineffective. China will need to turn to other measures to solve its population problem. In a nutshell, China needs immigrants.

The magnitude of the demographic challenge that Beijing’s policymakers are facing is considerable. In 2022, the Chinese government reported 10.41 million deaths in the country and 9.56 million births. This was the first time China has seen more annual deaths than births since the Great Leap Forward of 1958 to 1962 during which a severe famine resulting from bad economic policies contributed to 30 million to 40 million more deaths than would have been expected. If present trends continue, China is expected to lose more than a third of its 1.4 billion population. Some projections have the country dropping to a population of 800 million by the year 2100.

The impact of this change will be felt across Chinese society as the country is already aging. The median age in China is now 38 compared to 28 just two decades ago; in contrast, India today has a median age of 28. People of age 65 and over now comprise 14% of China’s population compared to 7% of India’s. Once a nation’s population is in decline, there are only two ways to reverse the trend: encourage people to have more children or get people from outside the country to move in.

Based on the passage, it is implied that if China fails to reverse its population decline...

• it will soon surpass India in population size again

• economic productivity will significantly improve

• the country will face a shrinking labor force and greater social burden

• birth rates will naturally increase over time

• immigration will no longer be necessary

In recent years, digital journaling apps have surged in popularity, especially among young adults seeking ways to manage stress and anxiety. Unlike traditional pen-and-paper diaries, these apps offer mood trackers, guided prompts, and instant data visualization, allowing users to see patterns in their emotional states over time. According to a study conducted by the National Institute of Mental Wellness, people who journaled at least three times per week using a digital platform reported a 20% decrease in self-reported anxiety levels after two months.

While the therapeutic benefits of journaling are not new, psychologists suggest that the added layer of technology enhances user engagement. “Digital journaling allows for immediacy and convenience,” says Dr. Reza Anjani, a clinical psychologist at Mindwell Clinic. “Many users are more likely to document their thoughts when the tool is already in their hands, like their phones.” In some cases, app-generated insights even helped users recognize emotional triggers they hadn’t noticed before.

Despite concerns about privacy and screen fatigue, experts argue that digital journaling can serve as a bridge toward more consistent mental health habits. Some mental health apps now offer the option to export journal data to therapists, encouraging more personalized treatment. As one user noted, “I used to feel lost trying to explain how I’d been feeling all month. Now I just show the chart.”

It is implied in paragraph two that:

• traditional journaling is more effective than digital journaling

• users tend to journal more often when using a smartphone app

• people no longer need therapy sessions if they journal digitally

• most users already had strong self-awareness before using the app

• digital journaling has no real psychological benefits

In the age of social media, "hustle culture"—the glorification of relentless work and constant productivity—has become a dominant narrative, particularly among young professionals. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok are flooded with posts celebrating 4 a.m. wake-up routines, working multiple jobs, and treating rest as a form of weakness. The hashtag #grindset has millions of views, often attached to images of luxury cars, expensive coffee, and motivational quotes that reduce success to sheer willpower.

Despite its popularity, hustle culture has received growing criticism from psychologists and labor experts. The constant pressure to perform and achieve can lead to burnout, anxiety, and a distorted sense of self-worth. Moreover, it promotes the illusion that success is entirely self-made, ignoring systemic barriers like unequal access to education, capital, and opportunity. The culture encourages comparison over contentment and short-term output over long-term well-being.

What’s most troubling is how hustle culture masks exploitation. Internships without pay, 60-hour workweeks, and gig jobs without benefits are often reframed as "grinding" or "building character." The lines between ambition and overwork become dangerously blurred. Instead of challenging exploitative labor norms, hustle culture repackages them in aesthetics that seem aspirational. Under the surface of empowerment lies a subtle form of manipulation.

The author’s attitude toward hustle culture is . . . .

• admiring

• critical

• confused

• nostalgic

• encouraging

In the age of social media, "hustle culture"—the glorification of relentless work and constant productivity—has become a dominant narrative, particularly among young professionals. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok are flooded with posts celebrating 4 a.m. wake-up routines, working multiple jobs, and treating rest as a form of weakness. The hashtag #grindset has millions of views, often attached to images of luxury cars, expensive coffee, and motivational quotes that reduce success to sheer willpower.

Despite its popularity, hustle culture has received growing criticism from psychologists and labor experts. The constant pressure to perform and achieve can lead to burnout, anxiety, and a distorted sense of self-worth. Moreover, it promotes the illusion that success is entirely self-made, ignoring systemic barriers like unequal access to education, capital, and opportunity. The culture encourages comparison over contentment and short-term output over long-term well-being.

What’s most troubling is how hustle culture masks exploitation. Internships without pay, 60-hour workweeks, and gig jobs without benefits are often reframed as "grinding" or "building character." The lines between ambition and overwork become dangerously blurred. Instead of challenging exploitative labor norms, hustle culture repackages them in aesthetics that seem aspirational. Under the surface of empowerment lies a subtle form of manipulation.

It is implied in the third paragraph that . . . .

• most people willingly choose exploitative work environments

• hustle culture empowers workers to reject unfair labor systems

• overworking is rarely a problem for those with true ambition

• the language of hustle can be used to normalize unfair treatment

• unpaid internships are a sign of personal failure

As the global population approaches 10 billion by 2050, scientists and food experts are exploring alternative protein sources to meet rising demand. One promising solution is edible insects, which are rich in protein, low in environmental impact, and already part of traditional diets in many cultures. In recent years, startups around the world ______ (1) ______ innovative products like cricket-based protein bars and mealworm burgers to introduce insects to a wider audience.

Compared to traditional livestock farming, insect farming requires significantly less land, water, and feed. Moreover, insects can be raised on organic waste, reducing the need for additional resources. Researchers ______ (2) ______ that insect farming emits far fewer greenhouse gases than cattle or poultry production, making it a more sustainable option.

Despite these benefits, some consumers ______ (3) ______ to accept insects as food due to cultural taboos and lack of awareness. Experts suggest that education, marketing, and appealing product design will be crucial in changing public perception and increasing acceptance of insect-based foods in the future.

(1) ....

• have introduced
• introduces

• are introduced

• had introduced

• Introduced

As the global population approaches 10 billion by 2050, scientists and food experts are exploring alternative protein sources to meet rising demand. One promising solution is edible insects, which are rich in protein, low in environmental impact, and already part of traditional diets in many cultures. In recent years, startups around the world ______ (1) ______ innovative products like cricket-based protein bars and mealworm burgers to introduce insects to a wider audience.

Compared to traditional livestock farming, insect farming requires significantly less land, water, and feed. Moreover, insects can be raised on organic waste, reducing the need for additional resources. Researchers ______ (2) ______ that insect farming emits far fewer greenhouse gases than cattle or poultry production, making it a more sustainable option.

Despite these benefits, some consumers ______ (3) ______ to accept insects as food due to cultural taboos and lack of awareness. Experts suggest that education, marketing, and appealing product design will be crucial in changing public perception and increasing acceptance of insect-based foods in the future.

(2) ....

• have found
• are found

• were finding

• had found

• find

As the global population approaches 10 billion by 2050, scientists and food experts are exploring alternative protein sources to meet rising demand. One promising solution is edible insects, which are rich in protein, low in environmental impact, and already part of traditional diets in many cultures. In recent years, startups around the world ______ (1) ______ innovative products like cricket-based protein bars and mealworm burgers to introduce insects to a wider audience.

Compared to traditional livestock farming, insect farming requires significantly less land, water, and feed. Moreover, insects can be raised on organic waste, reducing the need for additional resources. Researchers ______ (2) ______ that insect farming emits far fewer greenhouse gases than cattle or poultry production, making it a more sustainable option.

Despite these benefits, some consumers ______ (3) ______ to accept insects as food due to cultural taboos and lack of awareness. Experts suggest that education, marketing, and appealing product design will be crucial in changing public perception and increasing acceptance of insect-based foods in the future.

(3) ....

• hesitate
• hesitated

• are hesitating

• has hesitated

• will be hesitating

The use of telemedicine has expanded rapidly since the COVID-19 pandemic. With limited access to in-person healthcare, many patients and doctors turned to virtual platforms to continue medical consultations. Since then, hospitals and clinics 1. _____ digital systems to provide remote diagnoses, prescriptions, and follow-up care. While telemedicine improves accessibility, especially for rural areas, some experts warn that it 2. _____ challenges in terms of data security, unequal internet access, and reduced quality of patient-doctor interaction.

(1) ...

• have adopted
• adopt

• are adopting

• had adopted

• adopted

The use of telemedicine has expanded rapidly since the COVID-19 pandemic. With limited access to in-person healthcare, many patients and doctors turned to virtual platforms to continue medical consultations. Since then, hospitals and clinics 1. _____ digital systems to provide remote diagnoses, prescriptions, and follow-up care. While telemedicine improves accessibility, especially for rural areas, some experts warn that it 2. _____ challenges in terms of data security, unequal internet access, and reduced quality of patient-doctor interaction.

(2) ...

• poses
• posed

• has posed

• is posing

• was posing