The Ionic Model

Transition element

• Elements found in the s-block of the periodic table, known for forming stable compounds.

• Elements found in the p-block of the periodic table, known for having fixed oxidation states.

• Elements found in the d-block of the periodic table, known for forming compounds with variable oxidation states.

• Elements found in the f-block of the periodic table, known for their radioactivity.

Anion

• A positively charged ion.

• A neutral ion.

• A negatively charged ion.

• An ion with no charge.

Reduction

• The process of losing electrons during a chemical reaction.

• The process of gaining electrons during a chemical reaction.

• The process of breaking down molecules into simpler substances.

• The process of combining two or more substances to form a new compound.

Electrical conductivity

• The ability of a substance to conduct electricity.

• The resistance of a substance to electrical flow.

• The measure of a substance's thermal insulation.

• The capacity of a substance to store electrical charge.

Electronegativity

• A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

• The ability of an atom to lose electrons easily.

• The measure of an atom's size in a molecule.

• The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

Electrostatic attraction

• The force that draws together oppositely charged ions.

• The force that repels similarly charged ions.

• The force that causes ions to remain neutral.

• The force that attracts all particles regardless of charge.

Endothermic

• A process or reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat.

• A process that releases energy in the form of heat.

• A reaction that occurs spontaneously without energy input.

• A process that occurs at constant temperature without heat exchange.

Non-polar solvents

• Solvents that have a significant partial charge and can dissolve ionic compounds.

• Solvents that do not have a significant partial charge, typically unable to dissolve ionic compounds.

• Solvents that can dissolve both polar and non-polar substances.

• Solvents that are always gaseous at room temperature.

Exothermic

• A process or reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat.

• A process or reaction that releases energy in the form of heat.

• A process that occurs at constant temperature.

• A reaction that requires a catalyst to proceed.

Ionic radius

• The measure of an atom's ion in a crystal lattice.

• The distance between the nucleus of an atom and its outermost electron shell.

• The size of an atom when it is in a gaseous state.

• The measure of the attractive force between protons and electrons.