Unit 10 (Abraham Lincoln & Civil War)

Petersburg

• A long siege that led to the fall of Richmond and the end of the war.

• A famous battle in the American Civil War that resulted in a decisive Union victory.

• A strategic location for the Confederate army during the Civil War.

• A treaty that ended the American Civil War.

What was medicine like during the Civil War?

• Very basic and unsanitary; infection and disease caused more deaths than battle wounds.

• Highly advanced with modern surgical techniques and antiseptics.

• Completely ineffective, leading to a total lack of medical care.

• Only focused on treating battle wounds, ignoring other health issues.

Antietam

• Bloodiest single day of the war; led to the Emancipation Proclamation.

• First major battle of the Civil War.

• A significant naval battle in the Civil War.

• The site of the final surrender of the Confederacy.

Gettysburg Address

• A famous speech by Lincoln emphasizing unity, liberty, and sacrifice.

• A declaration of independence from British rule.

• A speech advocating for the abolition of slavery.

• A letter written to Congress about civil rights.

What did Lincoln say/do about slavery throughout his presidency? Why did this change?

• He initially focused on abolishing slavery, then shifted to preserving the Union, and finally supported the 13th Amendment.

• He consistently advocated for the abolition of slavery throughout his presidency without any change in stance.

• He began by preserving the Union, later issued the Emancipation Proclamation, and ultimately pushed for the 13th Amendment due to military needs and public opinion.

• He ignored the issue of slavery entirely until the end of his presidency when he decided to support the 13th Amendment.

Jefferson Davis

• President of the United States during the Civil War

• President of the Confederate States who supported secession and led the South’s war effort.

• A famous abolitionist and writer

• A general in the Union Army

54th Massachusetts Regiment

• First major African American unit in the Union Army; showed Black soldiers’ courage.

• A famous cavalry unit known for its speed and agility.

• A regiment that fought primarily in the Western Theater of the Civil War.

• A unit composed entirely of white soldiers from Massachusetts.

What did women and civilians on the home front do to support the war?

• Women worked as nurses, spies, and factory workers; civilians raised money, sent supplies, and maintained farms.

• Women primarily stayed at home and did not participate in the war effort.

• Civilians focused on entertainment and leisure activities during the war.

• Women and civilians were not involved in the war effort at all.

Ulysses S. Grant

• Union general who led the North to victory; accepted Lee’s surrender at Appomattox.

• Confederate general known for his leadership at the Battle of Gettysburg.

• Union politician who negotiated peace during the Civil War.

• A famous naval commander who fought in the Pacific Theater.

What were the overall military strategies of the North and South?

• North (Union): Blockade Southern ports, control the Mississippi River, capture Richmond (Anaconda Plan).

• South (Confederacy): Attack Northern cities and seek a quick victory.

• North (Union): Focus on guerrilla warfare and small skirmishes.

• South (Confederacy): Engage in offensive campaigns to capture Northern territory.