Nutrition and Health Quiz

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates in a healthy adult diet?

• 20–35% of total energy

• 10–35% of total energy

• 45–65% of total energy

• 65–85% of total energy

Which nutrient deficiency is linked to goitre due to its role in thyroid hormone synthesis?

• Zinc

• Iodine

• Iron

• Magnesium

What is the main role of HDL cholesterol in the body?

• Transports fat from the liver to tissues

• Increases triglyceride storage

• Removes cholesterol from tissues and transports it to the liver

• Stimulates glucose uptake

What type of fibre helps lower cholesterol levels by binding bile acids?

• Insoluble fibre

• Resistant starch

• Soluble fibre

• Crude fibre

What is a key difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?

• Type 1 is caused by insulin resistance; Type 2 is autoimmune

• Type 1 involves destruction of insulin-producing cells; Type 2 involves insulin resistance

• Type 1 only affects older adults

• Type 2 requires lifelong insulin injections

Which of the following is an example of an ultra-processed food (UPF)?

• Rolled oats

• Grilled chicken breast

• Packaged cheese puffs

• Frozen blueberries

Which vitamin deficiency leads to pellagra, with symptoms of dermatitis, diarrhoea, and dementia?

• Thiamin

• Niacin

• Folate

• Riboflavin

What is one strategy New Zealand uses to address low selenium levels in the soil?

• Fortifying salt with selenium

• Promoting dairy consumption

• Importing Australian wheat with higher selenium

• Providing free supplements to all citizens

Which population is at greatest risk of B12 deficiency?

• Children eating lots of dairy

• Elderly following omnivorous diets

• Vegans who don’t supplement

• People with high fish intake

Why is iron from meat (haem iron) more bioavailable than iron from plants?

• It is stored in muscles

• It is absorbed via active transport

• It is less affected by dietary inhibitors

• It requires no digestion