Biochemistry Study Guide

Antibiotics can block production of the ____________________ by shutting down ribosomes OR can interfere with the production of the outermost part of a bacterial cell called the _______________.

• protein; cell wall

• lipid; nucleus

• carbohydrate; mitochondria

• DNA; cytoplasm

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleus in a cell?

• It controls cell activities and contains genetic material.

• It produces energy for the cell.

• It synthesizes proteins.

• It provides structural support to the cell.

4a. The main differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes are:

• Presence of nucleus in eukaryotes, absence in prokaryotes

• Both have membrane-bound organelles

• Prokaryotes are multicellular, eukaryotes are unicellular

• Both have linear DNA

4b. All of the following are features and characteristics common to all cell types (both prokaryotes and eukaryotes) EXCEPT:

• Plasma membrane

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Ribosomes

The difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is:

• Rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not

• Smooth ER has ribosomes, rough ER does not

• Both have ribosomes

• Neither has ribosomes

5b. Common to both, RER and SER, is that they are systems of ____________ that carry the contents ________________ (hint: what does “endo” mean).

• membranes; within the cell

• tubules; outside the cell

• proteins; to the nucleus

• vesicles; to the cell wall

What are the 3 forms of prokaryotic cells?

• bacillus, coccus, spirillum

• bacillus, coccus, vibrio

• coccus, spirillum, staphylococcus

• bacillus, spirillum, streptococcus

Of the 5 major Kingdoms of life (plant, animal, protist, fungi, and bacteria) which is the only major life form that is prokaryotic?

• bacteria

• plant

• animal

• fungi

A euglena, paramecium and an ameba are from the ______________ Kingdom

• protist

• animal

• plant

• fungi

A Staphylococcus aureus bacterium is from the ______________ Kingdom

• bacteria

• animalia

• plantae

• fungi