Communicable diseases -Quiz

What is the most common mode of transmission of poliovirus?

• Droplet infection

• Feco-oral route

• Blood transfusion

• Skin contact

Answer explanation

The most common mode of transmission of poliovirus is the feco-oral route, where the virus is spread through contaminated food or water, making it the primary method of infection.

The most effective strategy for interrupting wild poliovirus transmission is:

• Treatment of cases

• Isolation of contacts

• Mass immunization campaigns (SIAs)

• Chemoprophylaxis

Answer explanation

Mass immunization campaigns (SIAs) are the most effective strategy for interrupting wild poliovirus transmission, as they provide widespread vaccination to the population, reducing the virus's ability to spread.

Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is most commonly associated with:

• IPV

• OPV

• DNA vaccine

• Subunit vaccine

Answer explanation

Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is most commonly associated with the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) because it uses live attenuated virus, which can mutate and lead to VDPV cases, unlike IPV, which is inactivated.

Poliovirus primarily affects which part of the nervous system?

• Cerebral cortex

• Spinal anterior horn cells

• Cerebellum

• Autonomic ganglia

Answer explanation

Poliovirus primarily targets the spinal anterior horn cells, which are responsible for motor function. This leads to muscle weakness and paralysis, distinguishing it from other parts of the nervous system.

The “pulse polio” immunization campaign in India uses:

• IPV

• OPV

• MMR

• DNA vaccine

Answer explanation

The 'pulse polio' immunization campaign in India primarily uses OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) to effectively immunize children against poliovirus, making it the correct choice.

In AFP surveillance, a case is defined as:

• Any case of muscle pain

• Any case of paralysis with fever

• Any case of acute flaccid paralysis in a child <15 years of age

• Only confirmed polio cases

Answer explanation

In AFP surveillance, a case is specifically defined as any instance of acute flaccid paralysis in a child under 15 years of age, making this the correct choice. Other options do not meet the criteria.

Herd immunity is seen with following virus

• rabies virus

• hep b virus

• hep c virus

• polio virus

Answer explanation

Herd immunity occurs when a significant portion of a population becomes immune to a virus, reducing its spread. This is effectively seen with the polio virus due to widespread vaccination efforts, unlike rabies, Hep B, and Hep C.

Which of the following is the correct sequence in WHO polio certification process?

• Eradication → Elimination → Certification

• Elimination → Certification → Eradication

• Interruption → Verification → Certification

• Surveillance → Control → Elimination

Answer explanation

The correct sequence in the WHO polio certification process is 'Interruption → Verification → Certification'. This reflects the steps taken to confirm that polio transmission has stopped before certifying eradication.

In India, the National Polio Surveillance Project is a collaboration between:

• WHO and UNICEF

• WHO and ICMR

• WHO and NPSP

• WHO and Govt. of India

Answer explanation

The National Polio Surveillance Project in India is a collaboration between the WHO and the Government of India, aimed at eradicating polio through surveillance and vaccination efforts.

The fractional inactivated polio vaccine (f-IPV) - schedule

• at 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks and 9 months of age

• at 6 weeks, 10weeks, 14 weeks of age

• at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9 months of age

• at birth, 6 weeks, 10 weeks and 9 months of age

Answer explanation

The correct schedule for the fractional inactivated polio vaccine (f-IPV) is at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9 months of age, which aligns with recommended immunization practices.