Midterm 1

First Name

Last Name

Class Period

• 2nd Period
• 3rd Period
• 4th Period
• 5th Period
• 6th Period

How does the redshift of galaxies provide evidence for the Big Bang theory?

• Redshift indicates galaxies are moving closer together
• Redshift shows galaxies are stationary
• Redshift suggests galaxies are expanding away from each other
• Redshift proves the existence of black holes

If Star A is farther away from Earth than Star B and both stars have the same absolute magnitude, which of the following is true about their apparent magnitude?

• Both stars will have the same apparent magnitude.
• Star A will have a greater apparent magnitude.
• Star B will have a greater apparent magnitude.
• The apparent magnitude of either star will not depend on its position.

What evidence supports the Big Bang theory? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

• Observations of distant galaxies moving faster from us as we look farther away.
• Cosmic microwave background radiation found everywhere in the universe.
• The composition of the universe and the percentages of hydrogen and helium present.
• Our observations of distant galaxies and the differences in light and composition from those that formed long ago and those that are closer to us and younger.
• Fossil records found on Earth.

What is the cosmic microwave background radiation?

• Radiation emitted by the Sun.
• Radio signals from extraterrestrial civilizations.
• The leftover radiation or "afterglow" from the Big Bang
• Energy released during a supernova explosion.

How does the expansion of the Universe impact the rate at which distant galaxies move away from us?

• The farther the galaxy, the slower it moves away.
• The farther the galaxy, the faster it moves away.
• The expansion has no effect on the movement of galaxies.
• The expansion causes galaxies to move towards us.

Which of these does NOT characterize a main-sequence star?

• It is a very unstable stage.
• The core is fusing hydrogen into helium.
• The pressure of gravity forcing everything in toward the center of the star is equal to the force of the energy from fusion inside the star pushing outward.
• The energy of the star is increasing.

At which point in its development does a star exit the protostar stage and become a main sequence star?

• When it begins fusing hydrogen into helium.
• When collisions in particles result in an increase of temperature
• When gravity squeezes it making it more dense
• When it gets bigger and gravity gets stronger causing it to collide more often