Which of the following best describes the process of photosynthesis in green plants?

• Plants use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

• Plants absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide using sunlight.

• Plants use chemical energy from the soil to produce food.

• Plants only use water to make food without any light.

Why is photosynthesis considered essential for life on Earth?

• It provides energy for industrial society.

• It produces food and oxygen necessary for most living organisms.

• It helps bacteria survive in extreme environments.

• It only affects the growth of green plants.

Which of the following is the main direct organic product of photosynthesis in most green cells?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Nucleic acids

What is the role of enzymes in the process of photosynthesis?

• They act as organic catalysts to control chemical reactions.

• They absorb sunlight directly.

• They provide energy for the plant.

• They store carbohydrates.

Which elements are supplied by minerals and are necessary for forming organic compounds during photosynthesis?

• Nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur

• Calcium, sodium, and potassium

• Iron, magnesium, and copper

• Zinc, chlorine, and iodine

Why is more energy required to break the bonds between oxygen and other elements during photosynthesis?

• Because the difference in bond energy is stored as chemical energy in organic products.

• Because oxygen is not involved in any chemical reactions.

• Because breaking these bonds releases no energy at all.

• Because plants do not use energy during photosynthesis.

What is most likely the main source of energy that helped form the first living cells on Earth?

• Solar radiation and electrical storms

• Green plants

• Oxygen from the atmosphere

• Animal respiration

How did the first oxygen-producing cells likely impact the Earth's atmosphere?

• They increased the oxygen content, allowing aerobic organisms to develop.

• They decreased the amount of carbon dioxide.

• They caused the extinction of all non-photosynthetic organisms.

• They made the atmosphere toxic for all life.

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as described in the text?

• Eukaryotic cells have membrane-enclosed organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

• Eukaryotic cells cannot perform photosynthesis.

• Prokaryotic cells have more complex DNA.

Explain why the rate of photosynthesis is relatively independent of temperature at low to medium light intensities.

• Because the plant is not using any light

• Because the rate is determined by photochemical steps, not temperature

• Because the plant is dormant

• Because the plant is using only water