Research Design and Evidence-Based Practice Worksheet

Which of the following is considered the highest level of evidence in an EBP framework?

• Randomized controlled trial

• Case-control study

• Expert opinion

• Systematic review and meta-analysis

What type of design compares a group with an outcome to a group without the outcome?

• Cohort

• Cross-sectional

• Case-control

• Randomized trial

What type of observational design compares exposure and outcome at a single time point?

• Cohort

• Cross-sectional

• Case study

• Case-control

Which of the following designs does not involve an intervention by the researcher?

• Randomized controlled trial

• Non-randomized intervention

• Case-control

• Single-subject design

A researcher compares hearing satisfaction in two groups: one exposed to tele-audiology, the other to in-person care. No randomization was done. Select the design of this study

• Case-control

• Non-randomized intervention

• Cohort

• RCT

A study compares patients who developed Alzheimer's disease to those who did not, analyzing their history of hearing loss. This is a:

• RCT

• Cohort

• Case-control

• Cross-sectional

A 55-year-old patient with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is considering hearing aids but is concerned that he might not be able to make it to all the visits to your clinic. You want to test whether tele-audiology would be effective and the patient will be satisfied. A study is conducted to assess patient satisfaction between tele-audiology follow-ups and in-person visits. Which study design is the most appropriate?

• Case-Control Study

• Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

• Cross-Sectional Study

• Case Study

A group of researchers is studying the long-term impact of childhood otitis media on adult hearing thresholds. They follow children with and without otitis media into adulthood and measure their hearing thresholds. What type of study is this?

• Case-Control Study

• Meta-Analysis

• Cross-Sectional Study

• Cohort Study

You are reviewing a research study that uses a cross-sectional survey to assess hearing aid satisfaction. What level of evidence does this type of study provide in an Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) framework?

• Level 1: Systematic Review

• Level 2: Randomized Controlled Trial

• Level 3: Nonrandomized Intervention Trial

• Level 4: Non-Intervention Descriptive Study

An audiologist is reviewing a study that investigated the effectiveness of a new hearing aid fitting strategy. The study involved a group of participants who were randomly assigned to either receive the new strategy or a conventional fitting method. The participants were followed for six months and their speech recognition abilities in noise were measured at regular intervals. This study can be best described as which type of research, and what is its level of evidence?

• Case study; Level 4 evidence

• Experimental study; Level II evidence

• Correlational study; Level III evidence

• Descriptive study; Level IV evidence