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M12 TOXI LEC FINALS

Authored by Zyra Macatuno

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M12 TOXI LEC FINALS
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20 questions

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1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which characteristic of the hematopoietic system makes it particularly susceptible to toxicants compared to other organs?

Low rate of cell turnover and differentiation

High proliferative capacity and continuous cell division

Its role as a filter for foreign chemicals

Limited regenerative ability after damage

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Among the following, which tissue has only a minimal role in hematopoiesis under normal, healthy adult human conditions?

Bone marrow

Liver

Spleen

Lymph nodes

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Iron incorporation into heme during erythropoiesis requires several coordinated steps. Which of the following correctly identifies a key pathological consequence of disrupted heme synthesis?

Accumulation of unbound globin chains leading to thalassemia

Accumulation of iron-loaded mitochondria characteristic of sideroblastic anemia

Impaired coenzyme Q production in erythroid precursors

Decreased erythropoietin secretion by the kidneys

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of these xenobiotics is NOT commonly implicated in vitamin B12 deficiency leading to megaloblastic anemia?

Colchicine

Metformin

Chloramphenicol

Ethanol

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the molecular basis of the imbalance in α- and β-globin chain synthesis found in thalassemia?

Mutation in the heme porphyrin ring synthesis pathway

Deletions or mutations in globin gene loci causing reduced or absent globin chain production

Autoimmune destruction of mature erythrocytes

Deficiency of transferrin receptor expression on erythroid precursors

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following mechanisms best explains the pathogenesis of leukemogenesis triggered by cytotoxic chemotherapy?

Direct stimulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation by alkylating agents

Accumulation of genetic and epigenetic aberrations in hematopoietic stem cells induced by cytotoxic damage

Persistent infection-induced replication stress

Excessive erythropoietin signaling leading to stem cell exhaustion

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Why is agranulocytosis caused by idiosyncratic drug reactions often unpredictable in dose-dependency?

It results from predictable inhibition of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

Due to allergic or immune mechanisms independent of dose exposure

Because of dose-dependent mitochondrial toxicity

It is solely caused by metabolic overdose in the liver

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