Global I: Key Historical Terms and Concepts

Theodora

• Powerful wife of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, known for her intelligence and political influence.

• A famous artist of the Byzantine era known for her mosaics.

• A military general who led the Byzantine army to victory.

• A philosopher who wrote extensively on ethics and politics.

Secular

• Connected to religion or spiritual matters.

• Refers to things that are worldly or non-religious.

• A term used exclusively in religious contexts.

• A belief system that includes supernatural elements.

Peter the Great

• Russian czar who modernized Russia by reforming its government, military, and culture to make it more like Western Europe.

• A famous painter known for his contributions to the Renaissance.

• A military leader who expanded the Russian Empire through conquest.

• A philosopher who advocated for democracy and human rights.

Confucianism

• A Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius that emphasizes respect, family loyalty, social harmony, and moral behavior.

• A religious belief system that focuses on the worship of ancestors and deities.

• A political ideology that promotes strict governance and authoritarian rule.

• A philosophical approach that advocates for individualism and personal freedom.

Mansa Musa

• A 14th-century emperor of the Mali Empire known for his wealth and pilgrimage to Mecca.

• A famous explorer who discovered America in the 15th century.

• A renowned philosopher from ancient Greece who wrote about wealth.

• A legendary king of the Roman Empire known for his military conquests.

Sulieman the Magnificent

• Powerful ruler of the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s.

• A famous painter of the Renaissance period.

• A leader of the French Revolution.

• An explorer who discovered America.

Mongols

• A nomadic warrior people from Central Asia who created the largest land empire in history under Genghis Khan through skilled horseback warfare and conquest.

• A settled agricultural society known for its advanced irrigation techniques.

• A maritime civilization that dominated trade routes in the Indian Ocean.

• A group of nomadic herders from the Arctic region who relied on fishing and hunting.

King Louis XIV

• The 'Sun King,' who ruled for 72 years and built the Palace of Versailles.

• A French general known for his military conquests in the 18th century.

• A French philosopher who wrote about the social contract.

• The first president of France who established the republic.

The Prince

• A famous novel by Leo Tolstoy

• A political treatise by Niccolò Machiavelli

• A historical account of the Roman Empire

• A philosophical essay by John Locke

Constantinople

• The capital of the Byzantine Empire, known for its strategic location and wealth.

• A major city in ancient Egypt, famous for its pyramids.

• The capital of the Roman Empire, known for its gladiatorial games.

• A city in modern-day Turkey, known for its beaches and resorts.