Physiology Worksheet: Digestive and Renal Systems

What is absorption?

• Movement of nutrients from the alimentary canal into the blood/lymph

• Breakdown of food into smaller pieces

• Elimination of undigested food from the body

• Production of digestive enzymes

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Parasympathetic stimulation causes:

• Smooth muscle contraction of the colon & relaxation of the internal anal sphincter

• Secretion of acid

• Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

• Emulsification

Which of the following is NOT a main function of the stomach?

• Secretion (acid & enzymes)

• Propulsion

• Digestion

• Absorption

Most water absorption occurs in the ________. Only about 0.1 L is excreted in feces.

• small intestine

• large intestine

• stomach

• esophagus

Somatostatin & secretin inhibit ________ secretion.

• acid

• bile

• insulin

• pepsin

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Hormones that increase gastric acid secretion include:

• Gastrin, Histamine, Acetylcholine

• Secretin, Somatostatin

• Insulin, Glucagon

• Pepsin

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Carbohydrates are digested in the mouth & small intestine by ________ & ________ amylase.

• salivary and pancreatic

• gastric and intestinal

• bile and gastric

• intestinal and hepatic

Fat digestion starts in the mouth by ________ lipase, but the main site is the small intestine/duodenum.

• lingual

• gastric

• pancreatic

• hepatic

Protein digestion starts in the stomach with ________, and continues in the small intestine with pancreatic enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, and peptidases.

• pepsin

• amylase

• lipase

• lactase

Chemical digestion involves breaking bonds via enzymes such as ________.

• hydrolysis

• oxidation

• condensation

• phosphorylation

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2