Medical Diagnosis Quiz

A 31-year-old woman presents with multiple lower limb varicosities, predominantly along the distribution of the long saphenous vein. What is the next appropriate step in management?

• Ligation and stripping

• Ligation of both long and short saphenous veins

• Sclerotherapy

• Duplex ultrasound scan

A 55-year-old man presents with a 7-week history of progressive dysphagia, initially noticed when eating meat, with food getting stuck retrosternally. What is the most appropriate initial investigation?

• Barium swallow

• Chest X-ray

• Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS)

• CT scan of the chest

A 52-year-old obese woman presents with jaundice, fever with chills, and right hypochondriac pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Empyema of the gallbladder

• Viral hepatitis

• Acute cholecystitis

• Cholangitis

What is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting urinary tract calculi?

• KUB X-ray

• Intravenous urogram (IVU)

• Non-contrast CT scan

• Ultrasound

A 50-year-old woman presents with a right iliac fossa mass persisting for 4 months. She reports lethargy, poor appetite, and a 3 kg weight loss. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Appendiceal mass

• Caecal carcinoma

• Right ovarian carcinoma

• Diverticulitis

In a patient with multiple traumatic injuries, what is the first priority in management?

• Control of bleeding

• Prevention of infection

• Maintenance of airway

• Fluid resuscitation

• Pain control

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a fibroadenoma of the breast?

• Small size

• Freely mobile lump

• Firm consistency

• Common in young women

A 42-year-old alcoholic male with a recent history of pancreatitis presents with a palpable abdominal mass and mildly elevated serum amylase. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Pancreatic carcinoma

• Pancreatic abscess

• Hepatocellular carcinoma

• Pancreatic pseudocyst

• Empyema of the gallbladder

A 52-year-old man presents with a 1 cm thyroid nodule on the left lobe, confirmed as a solid lesion on ultrasound. What is the next best investigation to establish a definitive diagnosis?

• Thyroid scan

• Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)

• Thyroid function test

• CT scan of the thyroid

A 75-year-old man on post-operative day 5 following bowel resection develops abdominal tenderness. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Pulmonary embolism

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

• Urinary tract infection (UTI)

• Anastomotic leak