J277|4.1 Network threats

What is the primary purpose of malware?

• To enhance computer performance

• To harm computers and/or data

• To provide free software updates

• To secure network connections

Which of the following is NOT a type of malware mentioned in the presentation?

• Viruses

• Worms

• Firewalls

• Ransomware

How do computer viruses primarily spread and cause harm?

• By encrypting files for ransom

• By replicating their code in other programs and infecting computers

• By slowing down networks without causing damage

• By pretending to be legitimate software

What is a key characteristic of a worm?

• It holds a computer hostage by encrypting data

• It hides malicious code inside a legitimate-looking program

• It replicates itself to spread to other computers, often slowing down networks

• It tries every combination of password until the correct one is found

A Trojan horse is described as similar to the story of the Trojan War because:

• It involves a direct, forceful attack on a system.

• It hides malicious code within something the user wants, then executes it.

• It floods a server with requests.

• It intercepts communication between a user and a server.

What is the main objective of ransomware?

• To delete files permanently from a computer

• To trick users into revealing personal information

• To hold a computer hostage by locking or encrypting data, demanding a ransom

• To gain unauthorized access by observing someone type their password

Which of the following is a technical vulnerability that hackers can exploit?

• Using strong, unique passwords

• Regularly updating anti-malware software

• Not installing software updates and security patches

• Encrypting data on mobile devices

What is "social engineering"?

• The process of developing new software for social media

• The art of manipulating people into providing confidential data or unauthorised access

• A method for securing social network profiles

• A type of attack that overloads a server with requests

"Shoulder surfing" is a technique where an attacker:

• Physically assaults someone to get their password.

• Observes someone as they type in information or passwords.

• Sends fake emails to get login credentials.

• Installs spyware on a victim's computer.

Which of the following is a common characteristic of a phishing attempt?

• A personalised greeting with the recipient's full name

• An email from a legitimate bank asking for personal information via a link

• Perfect spelling and grammar

• A request for personal information (e.g., usernames, passwords, credit card details)