Electrocardiogram (ECG) Basics

What is the normal resting heart rate range?

• 40 to 60 beats per minute (bpm)

• 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm)

• 100 to 120 beats per minute (bpm)

• 120 to 140 beats per minute (bpm)

What are the normal duration and amplitude of the P wave in lead D2?

• Duration of less than 120 ms and amplitude of less than 2.5 mm

• Duration of less than 100 ms and amplitude of less than 3.0 mm

• Duration of less than 150 ms and amplitude of less than 1.5 mm

• Duration of less than 130 ms and amplitude of less than 2.0 mm

What does the QRS axis represent?

• The average direction of ventricular depolarization in the frontal plane.

• The rate of heartbeats per minute.

• The volume of blood pumped by the heart in one contraction.

• The electrical activity of the atria during contraction.

What does the T wave represent?

• Atrial depolarization

• Ventricular depolarization

• Ventricular repolarization

• Atrial repolarization

Which areas do leads V5 and V6 observe?

• The anterior wall of the left ventricle.

• The inferior wall of the left ventricle.

• The lateral wall of the left ventricle.

• The septal wall of the left ventricle.

What is the QT interval?

• The QT interval represents the total time of ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

• The QT interval measures the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave.

• The QT interval is the time taken for the heart to fill with blood.

• The QT interval indicates the time it takes for the heart to contract.

What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

• A test that measures blood pressure over time.

• An exam that records the heart's electrical activity over time, allowing analysis of electrical impulse conduction through different cardiac structures.

• A procedure to visualize the heart's structure using X-rays.

• A method to assess lung function through electrical signals.

What is the normal amplitude of the QRS complex in precordial leads?

• 10 mm

• 20 mm

• 30 mm

• 40 mm

What is the sequence for a complete physiological ECG reading?

• Checking rhythm and rate, analyzing the P wave, measuring PR, QRS, and QT intervals, evaluating the electrical axis, and observing wave morphology in various leads.

• Measuring heart rate, analyzing the QRS complex, checking the P wave, evaluating the QT interval, and observing the electrical axis.

• Observing wave morphology, measuring PR and QT intervals, checking rhythm and rate, and analyzing the P wave and QRS complex.

• Evaluating the electrical axis, checking rhythm and rate, measuring heart rate, and analyzing the P wave and QT interval.

How is the sinus rhythm identified?

• By the presence of positive P waves in leads D1, D2, and aVF, with stable morphology and PR interval.

• By the presence of negative P waves in leads D1, D2, and aVF, with variable morphology and PR interval.

• By the absence of P waves in leads D1, D2, and aVF, with irregular intervals.

• By the presence of QRS complexes without P waves in leads D1, D2, and aVF.