Geology102:Quiz-Unit04

What is magma called when it is on the surface of the Earth?

• Lava

• Mantle

• Crust

• Core

Which type of igneous rock texture is characterized by large crystals in a fine matrix?

• Phaneritic

• Aphanitic

• Porphyritic

• Vesicular

What is the main rock type formed at mid-ocean ridges?

• Granite

• Basalt

• Diorite

• Rhyolite

What is the primary focus of Bowen's Reaction Series?

• The relationship between minerals and pressure

• The relationship between minerals and temperature

• The relationship between minerals and density

• The relationship between minerals and color

What is the approximate temperature at which all minerals crystallize into solid rock?

• 500°C

• 700°C

• 1,000°C

• 1,250°C

What happens to the hydrated minerals in the subducting slab as it descends into hot mantle?

• They emit water vapor and gases

• They solidify

• They become denser

• They cool down

What is partial melting?

• The complete melting of all minerals in a rock

• The melting of minerals with higher melting points

• The melting of minerals with lower melting points into liquid magma

• The solidification of magma into rock

What happens to magma as it rises and cools into solid rock?

• It remains unchanged

• It undergoes physical and chemical changes

• It becomes more liquid

• It evaporates

What type of magma is more common within continents due to its composition?

• Mafic magma

• Ultramafic magma

• Felsic magma

• Intermediate magma

What is the process called in which a rising magma diapir incorporates some of the surrounding country rock, changing the chemistry of the magma?

• Lower density magma rising through higher density country rock

• Assimilation

• Xenolith

• Fractional crystallization