Sociology Course Review

What is the term for the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values and norms of their culture?

• Socialization

• Acculturation

• Assimilation

• Cultural diffusion

Which institution plays the most critical role in the early and foundational socialization of children, shaping their values, norms, and behaviors?

• The family

• The school

• The church

• The community center

What theorem suggests that a teenager who is given a label like "overachiever" might live up to the term?

• Thomas theorem

• Pygmalion effect

• Hawthorne effect

• Self-fulfilling prophecy

Which of the following best describes ethnicity?

• A shared cultural heritage

• Biological differences

• A legal status

• A political ideology

What is the term for the process by which individuals and groups are ranked in a hierarchy in society?

• Social stratification

• Social mobility

• Social integration

• Social cohesion

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a role conflict involving professional and personal responsibilities?

• A teacher who must choose between attending a school meeting and their child's parent-teacher conference

• A parent attending a work meeting

• A student deciding whether to study for exams or participate in a family event

• A doctor treating patients while managing their own health issues

What is the term for the process by which a society's culture is passed on from one generation to the next?

• Cultural transmission

• Cultural assimilation

• Cultural diffusion

• Cultural adaptation

________ status is something that is assigned to people by society and cannot be changed easily.

• Achieved

• Ascribed

• Assigned

• Acquired

The process by which a norm becomes part of an individual's personality

• internalization

• externalization

• socialization

• rationalization

Which perspective in sociology focuses on the meanings and interpretations individuals give to social symbols and interactions?

• Functionalism

• Conflict theory

• Symbolic interactionism

• Social constructionism