Additional Study Questions for Module 1

Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, while physiology is the study of their functions. The structure of organs determines their function. Which statement best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

• Anatomy is about structure, physiology is about function, and structure determines function.

• Anatomy and physiology both study only the function of organs.

• Physiology is about structure, anatomy is about function.

• Anatomy and physiology are unrelated fields.

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of organization from lowest to highest and defines each level?

• Organelle: specialized structure within a cell; Cell: basic unit of life; Tissue: group of similar cells; Organ: group of tissues; Organ system: group of organs; Organism: individual living thing.

• Cell: group of tissues; Tissue: group of organs; Organ: group of organ systems; Organ system: group of organisms; Organism: basic unit of life.

• Organelle: group of cells; Cell: group of tissues; Tissue: group of organs; Organ: group of organ systems; Organ system: group of organisms; Organism: basic unit of life.

• Organelle: basic unit of life; Cell: group of tissues; Tissue: group of organs; Organ: group of organ systems; Organ system: group of organisms; Organism: group of organ systems.

Relating levels of organization helps you understand which cells make up certain tissues, and which tissues make up certain organs.

• True

• False

• Sometimes

• Never

Which of the following lists the characteristics of life?

• Organization, metabolism, growth, response to stimuli, reproduction, adaptation, homeostasis

• Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, digestion

• Movement, breathing, eating, sleeping

• Color, size, shape, texture

Homeostasis is defined as:

• the maintenance of a stable internal environment

• the process of cell division

• the breakdown of food for energy

• the movement of substances across a membrane

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Homeostasis is important because:

• it maintains stable internal conditions necessary for survival.

• it causes rapid changes in body temperature.

• it increases the risk of diseases.

• it prevents the body from adapting to the environment.

The systems that control homeostasis and their method of control are:

• The nervous and endocrine systems; they regulate internal conditions through feedback mechanisms.

• The digestive and respiratory systems; they control homeostasis by breaking down food and exchanging gases.

• The muscular and skeletal systems; they maintain homeostasis by supporting movement.

• The circulatory and lymphatic systems; they control homeostasis by transporting fluids.

The 3 parts of a homeostatic mechanism are:

• Receptor, Control Center, Effector

• Neuron, Synapse, Muscle

• Sensor, Processor, Responder

• Stimulus, Response, Feedback

A negative feedback mechanism is important because it:

• Helps maintain stability by counteracting changes in a system.

• Amplifies changes to speed up processes.

• Prevents any changes from occurring in a system.

• Causes systems to become unstable.

Examples of negative and positive feedback mechanisms in the body include:

• Negative feedback: regulation of blood glucose; Positive feedback: childbirth contractions

• Negative feedback: blood clotting; Positive feedback: body temperature regulation

• Negative feedback: childbirth contractions; Positive feedback: regulation of blood glucose

• Negative feedback: sweating during fever; Positive feedback: shivering when cold