4. Chemistry of Sulfonamides and Fluoroquinolones Practice Q's

Sulfisoxazole is predominantly ionized at physiological pH

Sulfamethoxazole is negatively charged molecule at physiological pH

Sulfamethoxazole is a structural analog of para-aminobenzoic acid

Sulfisoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthase

Sulfonamides are metabolized deactivated by glucoronide conjugation and acetylation

5:95

90:10

1:9

20:1

99:1

They should not be used together because the inhibit each other

It's good to use them together because one drug changes the other drug to make it more effective

They should not be used together because they would have toxic effects

It's good to use them together because they are more effective in combination

All of the above

It is a prodrug which is converted to Prontosil in the body

It is a prodrug which is converted to Sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicyclic acid in the body

It is a prodrug which is converted to Sulfapyridine and Aspirin in the body

It is a prodrug which is converted to Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole in the body

Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

Activates dihydropteroate synthetase

Activates Dihydrofolate reductase

Inhibits Dihydrofolate reductase

Inhibits Tetrahydrofolate reductase

Moxifloxacin has the higher oral bioavailability than Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin

Levofloxacin has the higher oral bioavailability than Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin

Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin have a shorter duration of action and requires a more frequent dosing interval

Norfloxacin has the low oral bioavailability

Moxifloxacin has a longer duration of action

Decreases Lipophilicity

Decreases Hydrophilicity

Increases Bacterial Cell Wall Penetration

Increases Lipophilicity

Reduces the Photosensitivity

Decreases Lipophilicity

Decreases Hydrophilicity

Bacterial Cell Wall Penetration

Improves the Spectrum of Activity against gram negative organisms

Inactivates the Molecule

Decreases Lipophilicity

Improves the spectrum of activity against gram negative organisms

Decreases binding affinity to GABA

Increases binding affinity to GABA

Bacterial Cell Wall Penetration

Improves the spectrum of activity against gram negative organisms

Decreases binding affinity to GABA

Decreases the spectrum of activity against gram negative organisms

Improves the spectrum of activity against gram positive organisms

Decreases Lipophilicity