Cuestionario de Biología

What is the affinity of a drug for a receptor?

• The drug's ability to produce a maximum response.

• The tendency of the drug to bind to the receptor.

• The speed at which the drug is eliminated from the body.

• The dose required to produce half of the maximum effect.

A drug that binds to a receptor but does not produce a biological response, and also blocks the binding of agonists, is called:

• Agonist

• Partial agonist

• Antagonist

• Inverse agonist

Which of the following is a common molecular target for the action of many drugs?

• Ribosomes of eukaryotic cells

• Receptor proteins in the cell membrane

• Nuclear DNA of all cells

• Intracellular water

If a drug inhibits a specific enzyme, what is the most likely biochemical mechanism of action?

• Increases the synthesis of the enzyme.

• Binds to the active site of the enzyme or an allosteric site, preventing its function.

• Modifies the genetic material to silence the enzyme.

• Acts as a cofactor to enhance the enzyme.

What does it mean for a drug to have 'high selectivity'?

• That it acts very quickly in the body.

• That it interacts with many different types of receptors.

• That it preferentially binds to a specific molecular target over others.

• That it is slowly eliminated from the organism.

A drug that directly activates an ion channel to allow the passage of ions through the membrane, what type of molecular target is it primarily binding to?

• A G protein-coupled receptor

• An enzymatic receptor

• An ion channel

• A transporter

What is the 'efficacy' of a drug?

• The dose at which the drug begins to have an effect.

• The ability of the drug to produce the maximum possible effect.

• The concentration of the drug in the blood plasma.

• The duration of the drug's effect in the body.

What is the main objective of drugs that act on membrane transporters (like reuptake pumps)?

• To block protein synthesis.

• To modify the transport of substances across the cell membrane.

• To inhibit DNA replication.

• To directly activate energy metabolism.

A drug that binds to an intracellular receptor (inside the cell) must have a specific characteristic to reach its target. What is it?

• It must be a very large protein.

• It must be hydrophilic (water-soluble).

• It must be lipophilic (fat-soluble) to cross the plasma membrane.

• It must be an ion.

What is meant by the 'bioavailability' of a drug?

• The way the drug binds to its receptor.

• The percentage of a drug dose that reaches systemic circulation unchanged.

• The speed at which the drug is excreted by the kidneys.

• The ability of the drug to cause side effects.