Exploring Biology Concepts

What are the main components of a eukaryotic cell?

• Cytoplasm, vacuoles, plasmids

• Flagella, cilia, pili

• Nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cell membrane.

• Cell wall, chloroplasts, ribosomes

Describe the function of the mitochondria in a cell.

• Mitochondria store genetic information for the cell.

• Mitochondria are responsible for protein synthesis.

• Mitochondria regulate the cell's water balance.

• Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for the cell.

What is the role of DNA in heredity?

• DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information and is responsible for heredity.

• DNA is only found in the nucleus of a cell.

• DNA has no role in determining traits.

• DNA is responsible for producing energy in cells.

Explain the difference between dominant and recessive alleles.

• Dominant alleles require two copies to be expressed; recessive alleles are expressed with one copy.

• Both dominant and recessive alleles are expressed with one copy each.

• Recessive alleles are always expressed regardless of the number of copies.

• Dominant alleles are expressed with one copy; recessive alleles require two copies to be expressed.

How does meiosis contribute to genetic diversity?

• Meiosis increases genetic diversity through crossing over and independent assortment.

• Meiosis only occurs in somatic cells, not in gametes.

• Meiosis has no effect on genetic diversity.

• Meiosis decreases genetic diversity by eliminating chromosomes.