Coastal Processes and Landforms Quiz

What is the term for water moving up the slope of a beach as a wave breaks?

• Swash

• Backwash

• Erosion

• Slump

Which of the following best describes backwash?

• Water moving up the beach

• Water travelling down the slope of a beach under the force of gravity

• The wearing away of material by a moving force

• The breakdown of rock in their original position

Which three aspects of wind affect the size and power of a wave?

• Speed, distance, time

• Temperature, humidity, pressure

• Direction, altitude, speed

• Distance, temperature, pressure

What is the main difference between constructive and destructive waves?

• Constructive waves erode material, destructive waves deposit material

• Constructive waves are tall and narrow, destructive waves are low and wide

• Constructive waves deposit material, destructive waves erode material

• Constructive waves have powerful backwash, destructive waves have weak backwash

Which process involves the breakdown of rock in their original position?

• Erosion

• Mass movement

• Weathering

• Deposition

What is freeze-thaw weathering?

• Pressure from growing salt crystals in cracks

• Acidic rainwater dissolving calcium in rocks

• Pressure from repeated freezing and thawing of water in cracks, breaking off pieces of rock

• The downhill movement of weathered material

Which type of weathering is caused by acidic rainwater dissolving calcium in rocks such as limestone and chalk?

• Freeze-thaw

• Salt

• Carbonation

• Slump

Which feature is described as a rocky, level shelf in front of a cliff left behind as the cliff retreated?

• Wave cut platform

• Headland

• Bay

• Beach

What is a headland?

• A rocky coastal promontory made of rock that is resistant to erosion.

• A sandy area between the sea and land.

• A flat area of deposited material.

• A deep underwater trench.

Where do bays form along a coastline?

• Between headlands where a less resistant rock has been eroded further inland than the headland.

• On top of cliffs.

• At the bottom of the sea.

• On mountain tops.