What is the fundamental definition of a robot?

• Any machine that uses electricity

• A machine that looks and acts like a human

• A programmable machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically

• A device that can only perform one specific task

In a typical IR motion sensor module, what are the two main components?

• A laser and a light detector

• An IR LED and a photodiode

• A sound emitter and a microphone

• A heat sensor and a cooling fan

How does an active IR sensor detect an object?

• By detecting the heat emitted by the object

• By measuring the ambient light in the room

• By sending out a beam of IR light and detecting its reflection

• By sensing vibrations in the air

What is the role of an 'actuator' in a robot?

• To sense the environment

• To process information

• To provide the power

• To provide movement (e.g., motors, pistons)

A microcontroller (like an Arduino) in a motion sensor project acts as the:

• Power supply

• Robot's 'brain'

• Robot's 'eyes'

• Robot's 'muscles'

If you are building a robot to navigate a maze, what is the most crucial category of components?

• Actuators

• Sensors

• The chassis

• The power source

Why would a black, non-reflective wall be difficult for an IR sensor to detect?

• It absorbs most of the IR light, so little is reflected back.

• It generates its own IR light, confusing the sensor.

• It is too cold to be detected.

• It is usually too smooth for the sensor to see.

What does 'Degrees of Freedom' (DoF) refer to in a robotic arm?

• The number of tasks the robot can perform

• The number of independent joints or ways the arm can move

• The weight the robot can lift

• The speed of the robot's processor

In your motion sensor circuit, the IR sensor sends a 'signal' to the microcontroller. What is this signal?

• A loud sound

• A flash of visible light

• A change in voltage

• A burst of heat

What is the difference between an 'autonomous' robot and a 'teleoperated' robot?

• An autonomous robot is stationary; a teleoperated one moves.

• An autonomous robot makes its own decisions; a teleoperated one is remotely controlled by a human.

• An autonomous robot has sensors; a teleoperated one does not.

• An autonomous robot is for industrial use; a teleoperated one is for home use.