Science 10 - Diagnostic Test

During a school science project, Luna, Grace, and Aria are discussing the structure of the Earth. They want to identify the three main layers of the Earth. What are they?

• Crust, Mantle, Core

• Inner Shell, Outer Shell, Surface

• Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere

• Mantle, Shell, Surface

During a geography class, Michael and Olivia are discussing the evidence that supports the Continental Drift Theory. Michael mentions how the continents seem to fit together like pieces of a puzzle, while Olivia adds that there are similar fossils found on different continents. They also talk about geological similarities and how paleoclimatic evidence supports this theory.

• Fit of continents, fossil correlations, geological similarities, paleoclimatic evidence.

• Magnetic field reversals

• Ocean current patterns

• Volcanic activity in the Pacific

Abigail is studying geology and is curious about the characteristics of divergent plate boundaries. She learns that these boundaries play a significant role in shaping the Earth's surface.

• Tectonic plates collide, forming mountain ranges.

• Divergent boundaries are associated with deep ocean trenches.

• Divergent plate boundaries are characterized by tectonic plates moving apart, forming mid-ocean ridges, shallow earthquakes, and volcanic activity.

• They are characterized by frequent volcanic eruptions and large earthquakes.

Avery was studying the Earth's movements and learned about various natural disasters. One day, during a class discussion, the teacher asked, "What is the primary cause of earthquakes?"

• Volcanic eruptions

• Meteor impacts

• Tsunamis

• Movement of tectonic plates along faults.

During a geology field trip, Hannah and her classmates are learning about different types of volcanic eruptions. Their instructor asks them to identify the various types of eruptions they might encounter in their studies.

• Shield, stratovolcano, cinder cone, caldera

• Explosive, effusive, phreatomagmatic, Hawaiian

• Lava flow, ash fall, pyroclastic flow, geyser

• Subduction, rifting, hotspot, mantle plume

Grace and Rohan are studying the movement of tectonic plates in their geography class. They learn about transform boundaries where tectonic plates interact. How do these tectonic plates interact at transform boundaries?

• Tectonic plates move apart, creating new crust.

• Tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, causing friction and potential earthquakes.

• Tectonic plates collide, forming mountains.

• Tectonic plates sink into the mantle, causing volcanic activity.

Hannah is studying geology and is curious about the Earth's crust. She wonders what materials make up this outer layer of the Earth.

• The crust consists mainly of gold and silver minerals.

• The Earth's crust is composed of gases like nitrogen and hydrogen.

• The Earth's crust is mainly composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, primarily in the form of minerals like feldspar and quartz.

• The Earth's crust is primarily made of water and carbon dioxide.

Imagine a large puzzle where each piece represents a tectonic plate. As new pieces are added to the center of the puzzle, they push the existing pieces outward. How does this process of adding new pieces contribute to the movement of the outer pieces?

• This process causes the puzzle pieces to collide.

• This process has no effect on the movement of the outer pieces.

• This process only occurs in the center of the puzzle, not affecting the outer pieces.

• This process pushes the outer pieces apart, causing them to move away from each other.

After a powerful earthquake struck the coastal town of Seaside, residents were left to assess the damage. What are the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface?

• Increased volcanic activity

• Formation of new mountain ranges

• Ground shaking, surface rupture, landslides, tsunamis, and changes in land elevation.

• Permanent climate change

During a geography class, William learned about various geological features around the world. His teacher explained the significance of different regions, including one known for its high volcanic and seismic activity. What is this region called and what is its significance?

• A mountain range in the Himalayas famous for its biodiversity.

• A desert region known for its lack of geological activity.

• The Ring of Fire is a region in the Pacific Ocean known for its high volcanic and seismic activity.

• An underwater trench that is home to various marine species.