Histology and Tissues

Function of ligaments

• Connects muscle to muscle

• Connects bone to bone

• Connects skin to muscle

• Connects nerve to nerve

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

• Many layers of cuboidal cells; thin tissue.

• Many layers of squamous cells; thick tissue.

• Single layer of squamous cells; thick tissue.

• Many layers of columnar cells; thin tissue.

Types of Exocrine Glands

• Holocrine gland: The whole cell and its contents are released into the duct (e.g., sebaceous glands).

• Merocrine gland: Secretes products via exocytosis without losing cellular material.

• Endocrine gland: Secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.

• Apocrine gland: The entire cell is secreted into the duct.

Neuron

• Cell type that receives and transmits nerve impulses and regulates body functions.

• A type of muscle cell responsible for contraction.

• A type of epithelial cell that forms protective layers.

• A type of connective tissue cell that supports organs.

Types of fibers in connective tissue

• Collagen, elastic, reticular

• Keratin, actin, myosin

• Chitin, cellulose, lignin

• Silk, wool, cotton

Skeletal muscle characteristics

• Short, branched cells, uninucleated, non-striated, involuntary, found in the heart.

• Long, cylindrical cells, multinucleated, striated, voluntary, attached to the skeleton.

• Flat, sheet-like cells, multinucleated, striated, involuntary, found in the walls of blood vessels.

• Long, cylindrical cells, uninucleated, striated, voluntary, attached to the skeleton.

Characteristics of the epidermis

• Stratified squamous epithelium

• Contains blood vessels

• Nourished by dermal blood vessels via active transport

• Cells remain alive as they move away from the blood supply

Function of collagen fibers

• Provides flexibility

• Provides strength

• Provides color

• Provides energy

Connective tissue function

• Binds body parts together.

• Transports oxygen in the blood.

• Protects against infections.

• Stores energy as fat.

Types of bone cells

• Osteocytes: bone cells

• Chondrocytes: cartilage cells

• Fibroblasts: connective tissue cells

• Myocytes: muscle cells