C2-Level English Expressions and Vocabulary Related to Tourism

indigenous knowledge (noun phrase)

• Traditional understanding and practices of native communities.

• Modern scientific methods used in agriculture.

• Globalized knowledge systems and practices.

• Urban development strategies and their impacts.

tourism revenue (noun phrase)

• Income earned through tourism-related activities.

• A type of tax imposed on travelers.

• Revenue generated from local businesses only.

• Funding provided by the government for tourism projects.

This has led to... / This results in...

• Sự gia tăng khách du lịch đã dẫn đến tình trạng quá tải và tổn hại môi trường.

• Mọi người đã bắt đầu đi du lịch nhiều hơn.

• Nhu cầu về dịch vụ du lịch đã giảm.

• Các thành phố đã trở nên yên tĩnh hơn.

biodiverse environment (noun phrase)

• An area rich in different species of plants and animals.

• A region with a single dominant species.

• A place with no living organisms.

• An environment that is polluted and degraded.

influx of tourists (noun phrase)

• A large number of tourists arriving in a place.

• A decrease in the number of visitors to a location.

• A type of travel package for tourists.

• A temporary closure of tourist attractions.

Striking a balance between A and B is essential for...

• sustainable tourism.

• maximizing profits without regard for quality.

• increasing market share at any cost.

• ignoring customer feedback.

cultural commodification (noun phrase)

• The process of turning cultural elements into products for sale.

• A method of preserving cultural traditions.

• An approach to enhance cultural understanding.

• A technique for promoting cultural diversity.

sustainable development (noun phrase)

• Growth that meets current needs without harming future generations.

• A method of increasing economic output at any cost.

• A strategy focused solely on technological advancement.

• An approach that prioritizes short-term gains over long-term sustainability.

culinary heritage (noun phrase)

• Traditional foods and cooking styles passed down through generations.

• Modern cooking techniques and fast food.

• Fusion cuisine from different cultures.

• Experimental cooking methods and trends.

degradation (noun)

• The process of something being improved or enhanced.

• The process of something being damaged or worsened.

• A method of increasing quality or value.

• A term used to describe growth or development.