Types and components of computer system

What is the general term for the physical components of a computer system?

• Software

• Hardware

• Firmware

• Network

Answer explanation

The physical components of a computer system are referred to as hardware. This includes parts like the CPU, RAM, and hard drives, which are essential for the computer's operation, unlike software or firmware.

Which of the following is an example of application software?

• Operating System

• Device Driver

• Compiler

• Word Processing

Answer explanation

Word processing software, like Microsoft Word, is designed for creating and editing text documents, making it a clear example of application software. In contrast, operating systems, device drivers, and compilers are system software.

What type of memory is known for being volatile?

• RAM

• ROM

• CMOS

• BIOS

Answer explanation

RAM (Random Access Memory) is known for being volatile, meaning it loses its data when power is turned off. In contrast, ROM (Read-Only Memory) and CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) retain data without power.

Which component of a computer is responsible for executing commands?

• Motherboard

• RAM

• CPU

• Hard Drive

Answer explanation

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the primary component that executes commands and processes instructions in a computer, making it essential for the system's operation. Other components like RAM and hard drives support but do not execute commands.

What does a compiler do?

• Combines object files into a program

• Manages hardware devices

• Stores data permanently

• Translates high-level language to machine code

Answer explanation

A compiler translates high-level programming languages, like C++ or Java, into machine code that a computer's processor can execute. This is essential for running software applications.

Which of the following is a characteristic of digital data?

• Continuous values

• Analog signals

• Smooth transitions

• Binary format

Answer explanation

Digital data is characterized by its binary format, which uses discrete values (0s and 1s) rather than continuous values or smooth transitions found in analog signals. Thus, 'Binary format' is the correct choice.

What is the main advantage of desktop computers over laptops?

• Better battery life

• Portability

• Lower costs for upgrades

• Compact design

Answer explanation

Desktop computers generally have lower costs for upgrades compared to laptops, as their components are more accessible and standardized, making it easier and cheaper to replace or enhance hardware.

Which type of user interface requires typing commands?

• Graphical User Interface

• Dialogue-based Interface

• Command Line Interface

• Gesture-based Interface

Answer explanation

The Command Line Interface (CLI) requires users to type commands to interact with the system, unlike Graphical User Interfaces or Gesture-based Interfaces, which rely on visual elements or gestures.

What is a disadvantage of laptops compared to desktops?

• Easier to upgrade

• More portable

• Limited battery life

• Standardized parts

Answer explanation

Laptops typically have limited battery life compared to desktops, which rely on a constant power source. This makes laptops less suitable for extended use without access to charging, highlighting a key disadvantage.

Which of the following is a feature of augmented reality?

• Only works with physical objects

• Overlaying digital information on the real world

• Requires a VR headset

• Complete immersion in a digital world

Answer explanation

Augmented reality (AR) enhances the real world by overlaying digital information, making it interactive. Unlike VR, AR does not require complete immersion or a headset, and it can work with both physical and digital elements.