Xenobiotics and Metabolism Quiz

Which of the following best defines xenobiotics?

• Essential nutrients

• Foreign compounds in the body

• Vitamins

• Endogenous metabolites

Which organ is primarily responsible for xenobiotic metabolism?

• Kidney

• Liver

• Lung

• Skin

Which enzyme system plays a major role in Phase I reactions?

• Alcohol dehydrogenase

• Cytochrome P450

• Glutathione peroxidase

• Superoxide dismutase

Phase I reactions in xenobiotic metabolism include?

• Conjugation

• Hydrolysis

• Acetylation

• Glucuronidation

Which of the following is a Phase II reaction?

• Oxidation

• Hydroxylation

• Glucuronidation

• Reduction

What is the main purpose of Phase II reactions?

• Detoxify by oxidation

• Make xenobiotics more lipid soluble

• Make xenobiotics more water soluble

• Activate prodrugs

Which cofactor is required for glucuronidation?

• PAPS

• UDP-glucuronic acid

• Acetyl-CoA

• NADPH

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are located in?

• Cytosol

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Cytochrome P450 catalyzes what type of reactions?

• Deamination

• Hydroxylation

• Acetylation

• Decarboxylation

Methanol poisoning is treated by administering?

• Formic acid

• Ethanol

• Isopropanol

• Acetic acid