Heart Failure MCQs

What is the primary clinical presentation of heart failure?

• Fever and chills

• Shortness of breath and oedema

• Abdominal pain

• Headache

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of heart failure?

• Orthopnoea

• Fatigue

• Night sweats

• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea

What does the term ‘heart failure’ primarily refer to?

• A specific disease of the heart

• A syndrome characterized by symptoms due to cardiac dysfunction

• A blood disorder affecting the heart

• An infection of the heart muscle

Heart failure may result from which types of ventricular dysfunction?

• Systolic only

• Diastolic only

• Both systolic and diastolic

• Neither systolic nor diastolic

Which side of the heart is more commonly affected initially in heart failure?

• Right ventricle

• Left ventricle

• Both equally

• Atria

The ejection fraction (EF) is used to assess which aspect of cardiac function?

• Heart rate

• Ventricular contractility

• Valve integrity

• Coronary artery patency

What is the EF threshold for diagnosing HFrEF?

• >50%

• 41-49%

• ≤40%

• Less than 25%

Which of the following conditions is a common etiology of heart failure?

• Rheumatic heart disease

• Diabetes mellitus

• Chronic kidney disease

• Asthma

Hypertensive heart disease causes which hypertrophy of the heart?

• Right ventricular hypertrophy

• Left ventricular hypertrophy

• Bi-ventricular hypertrophy

• Atrial hypertrophy

Which diagnostic test is NOT typically used in the baseline investigation of heart failure?

• ECG

• Chest X-ray

• Liver biopsy

• Echocardiography