Identify the natural material from which metals are commonly obtained.

• ore

• soil

• gravel

• peat

A ​ (a)   furnace is primarily used in the extraction of iron from its ore.

• blast
• electric

Pig iron needs to be further refined to create steel by reducing the ​ (a)   content.

• iron

• silicon

• oxygen

• carbon

Define the term: Surface mining.

• Surface mining is a method of mining used to extract minerals that are near the surface of the Earth.

• Surface mining is a process of extracting oil from deep ocean beds.

• Surface mining refers to the cultivation of crops on mountain slopes.

• Surface mining is a technique used to drill for natural gas beneath the sea.

A mallet has the following advantage over a hammer:

• It delivers softer blows without damaging the material.

• It is heavier and more difficult to control.

• It is used for driving nails into wood.

• It is made entirely of metal.

One advantage of mining is:

• It provides raw materials for industries.

• It reduces pollution in the environment.

• It increases forest cover.

• It eliminates the need for energy resources.

Refining is such an energy intensive process because:

• it requires high temperatures and pressures to separate and purify materials.

• it uses only renewable energy sources.

• it is a completely automated process.

• it does not involve any chemical reactions.

List some of the different types, shapes, and profiles of metal stock mentioned in the text.

• Shape of the metal from end

• Profile

• Types of shapes metals come in

• Tube, box, sheet, strip and rod

• Otherwise known as gauge

• Diameter

• eg M10 bolt = 10mm diameter

• Pitch

• Coarseness of the thread

• Wall thickness

Metals degrading in landfill sites might cause which environmental issue?

• Release of toxic substances into soil and water

• Increase in plant growth

• Reduction in greenhouse gases

• Improvement of air quality

Select the three metal items you might see from your seat in the workshop or classroom and identify their metals.

• Chair legs (steel), door handle (aluminum), scissors (stainless steel)

• Chair cushion (plastic), window pane (glass), book (paper)

• Table top (wood), chalk (calcium carbonate), eraser (rubber)

• Curtain (fabric), whiteboard (plastic), pencil (wood)