Quiz about Thigh and Knee Practice exam

Question 1

What is the difference between extra-articular and intra-articular structures?

Accepted Answer

Extra-articular structures are on the outside of the articulation between the femur and tibia but the intra-articular structures are in between them

Answer

Extra-articular structures are deep to the joint capsule, while intra-articular structures are superficial

Answer

Extra-articular structures are in between the femur and tibia, while intra-articular are outside the joint

Answer

Extra-articular structures only apply to ligaments, intra-articular to tendons

Question 2

What are the extra-articular structures of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Patellar ligament, quadriceps tendon, medial and lateral patellar retinacula, LCL, MCL, oblique popliteal ligament, arcuate popliteal

Answer

ACL, PCL, menisci, and transverse ligament

Answer

Pes anserine bursa, infrapatellar bursa, suprapatellar bursa, LCL, MCL, ACL, menisci, iliotibial band, and transverse ligament

Answer

Iliotibial band, gracilis tendon, adductor magnus

Question 3

What extra-articular structures of the knee are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints?

Accepted Answer

Patellar ligament, quadriceps tendon, and the medial and lateral retinacula

Answer

ACL and PCL

Answer

Medial and lateral menisci, and MCL and LCL

Answer

LCL and MCL

Question 4

What are the intra-articular structures of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Menisci, cruciate ligaments, meniscofemoral ligament, coronary ligament, and transverse ligament

Answer

Quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament

Answer

LCL, MCL, quadriceps tendon, patellar ligament, menisci, coronary ligament, and arcuate popliteal ligament

Answer

Popliteal bursa and pes anserine bursa

Question 5

What intra-articular structures are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints?

Accepted Answer

None of the intra-articular structures are common to both joints

Answer

Medial meniscus

Answer

ACL and PCL

Answer

Transverse ligament and coronary ligament

Question 6

What is the bursa found over the tibial tuberosity?

Accepted Answer

Superficial infrapatellar

Answer

Suprapatellar

Answer

Prepatellar

Answer

Deep infrapatellar

Question 7

What is the bursa found deep to the quadriceps tendon?

Accepted Answer

Suprapatellar

Answer

Prepatellar

Answer

Deep infrapatellar

Answer

Pes anserine

Question 8

What is the bursa found superficial to the patella?

Accepted Answer

Prepatellar

Answer

Suprapatellar

Answer

Deep infrapatellar

Answer

Popliteal

Question 9

What is the bursa found deep to the patellar ligament?

Accepted Answer

Deep infrapatellar

Answer

Prepatellar

Answer

Pes anserine

Answer

Suprapatellar

Question 10

What is the bursa found over the lateral tibial condyle?

Accepted Answer

Popliteal

Answer

Prepatellar

Answer

Suprapatellar

Answer

Pes anserine

Question 11

What is the bursa found under the common tendon for the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus?

Accepted Answer

Pes anserine

Answer

Popliteal

Answer

Deep infrapatellar

Answer

Prepatellar

Question 12

What is the sensory innervation of the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Femoral, obturator, common peroneal, and tibial nerves

Answer

Sciatic, saphenous, and sural nerves

Answer

Tibial, sural, and genicular nerves only

Answer

Only the femoral and obturator nerves

Question 13

Where is the femoral triangle?

Accepted Answer

Bound superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the sartorius, medially by the adductor longus, and posteriorly by the iliopsoas

Answer

Between the gluteus medius and minimus

Answer

Bound superiorly by the iliopsoas, medially by the sartorius, posteriorly by the gluteus maximus, and laterally adductor longus

Answer

Found on the posterior thigh between the hamstrings

Question 14

What does the femoral triangle contain?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve, artery and vein

Answer

Sciatic nerve, popliteal artery and vein

Answer

Obturator nerve, profunda femoral artery and femoral vein

Answer

Saphenous nerve, adductor longus and great saphenous vein

Question 15

With damage to the femoral nerve, what muscles could be involved?

Accepted Answer

Psoas major, iliacus, sartorius, pectineus, and quadriceps femoris

Answer

Gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus

Answer

Gluteus medius, adductor longus and brevis

Answer

Hamstrings and tensor fascia lata

Question 16

With damage to the femoral nerve, what movements could be involved?

Accepted Answer

Hip flexion, external hip rotation, knee extension and knee flexion

Answer

Hip extension and abduction

Answer

Knee flexion and hip adduction

Answer

Hip internal rotation, hip external rotation, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion

Question 17

With damage to the femoral nerve, what sensations could be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Anterior thigh, medial knee/leg, and medial foot

Answer

Lateral thigh, posterior leg, and plantar foot

Answer

Posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, and medial calf

Answer

Gluteal region and lateral leg

Question 18

Blockage of what artery could affect the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

Femoral, profunda femoral, medial and lateral femoral circumflex, obturator, superior gluteal, and inferior gluteal

Answer

Superior gluteal only

Answer

Internal pudendal, superior gluteal, inferior epigastric and genicular, obturator, and iliolumbar

Answer

Inferior epigastric and genicular

Question 19

Blockage of what artery could affect the hamstrings?

Accepted Answer

Femoral, profunda femoral, and perforating arteries

Answer

Obturator and femoral

Answer

Popliteal and anterior tibial

Answer

Lateral circumflex and inferior gluteal

Question 20

Blockage of what artery could affect the adductor magnus?

Accepted Answer

Obturator, femoral, profunda femoral, and perforating

Answer

Superior gluteal, internal iliac, and profunda femoral

Answer

Femoral and anterior tibial

Answer

Internal iliac and obturator

Question 21

Blockage of what artery could affect the quadriceps?

Accepted Answer

Femoral

Answer

Popliteal

Answer

Obturator

Answer

Superior gluteal

Question 22

Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform flexion of the hip?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris, and pectineus

Answer

Gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL

Answer

Adductor magnus and gracilis

Answer

Vastus medialis and intermedius

Question 23

Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform extension of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius

Answer

Sartorius and iliopsoas

Answer

Biceps femoris and gracilis, and sartorius and iliopsoas

Answer

Pectineus and adductor brevis

Question 24

Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform external rotation of the hip?

Accepted Answer

Sartorius

Answer

Rectus femoris

Answer

Iliacus

Answer

Vastus medialis

Question 25

Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which muscles of the medial thigh?

Accepted Answer

Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus

Answer

Adductor magnus, gracilis, semimembranosus, and gluteus medius

Answer

Gluteus medius and minimus

Answer

Vastus lateralis and medialis

Question 26

Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which movements of the hip?

Accepted Answer

Hip adduction, medial rotation, flexion and extension

Answer

Hip abduction, hip external rotation and internal rotation

Answer

Hip extension and flexion

Answer

Knee flexion and hip lateral rotation

Question 27

If there were damage to the obturator nerve, would there be any sensory impairment?

Accepted Answer

Sensation in the medial thigh

Answer

Sensation in the lateral thigh

Answer

Sensation in the posterior leg

Answer

No sensory effect

Question 28

Which medial compartment muscles both medially rotate and adduct the hip?

Accepted Answer

Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus

Answer

Sartorius, gracilis, iliopsoas, pectineus and tensor fascia lata

Answer

Iliopsoas and pectineus

Answer

Gluteus medius, maximus and minimus

Question 29

Which of the medial compartment muscles are innervated by two different nerves? (hint: it is innervated by the femoral and tibial nerve)

Accepted Answer

Adductor magnus

Answer

Adductor brevis

Answer

Gracilis

Answer

Pectineus

Question 30

What might you find if only one of the two nerves to the adductor magnus were damaged?

Accepted Answer

There would be weakness in hip adduction and medial rotation, and there could be slight weakness in hip extension when the hip is flexed

Answer

No functional impairment

Answer

There would be a complete loss of hip flexion and hip extension

Answer

There would be a weakness in hip extension, abduction, lateral rotation, and there would be weakness in hip flexion when hip is extended

Question 31

What artery supplies blood to the muscles of the posterior compartment? (hint: perforating arteries)

Accepted Answer

Profunda femoral artery

Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Obturator artery

Answer

Popliteal artery

Question 32

Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris

Answer

Short and long head of biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis

Answer

Gluteus medius, maximus, and minimus

Answer

Vastus lateralis and medialis

Question 33

Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which actions of the posterior compartment muscles?

Accepted Answer

Hip extension, knee flexion and tibial external and internal rotation

Answer

Hip flexion and extension, and knee extension and flexion

Answer

Foot inversion and eversion

Answer

Ankle dorsiflexion

Question 34

Damage to the common fibular (peroneal) nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles?

Accepted Answer

Short head of the biceps femoris

Answer

Semitendinosus

Answer

Semimembranosus

Answer

Popliteus

Question 35

Damage to the common fibular (peroneal) nerve could affect which actions of the posterior compartment?

Accepted Answer

Knee flexion and external tibial rotation

Answer

Hip extension and internal rotation

Answer

Ankle plantarflexion and inversion

Answer

Ankle dorsiflexion

Question 36

Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform flexion of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long and short heads of the biceps femoris

Answer

Sartorius and gracilis

Answer

Tensor fasciae latae, short head of the biceps femoris, and sartorius

Answer

Vastus intermedius and rectus femoris

Question 37

Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform internal rotation of the tibia?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer

Long and short heads of the biceps femoris

Answer

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Answer

Popliteus and gracilis

Question 38

Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform extension of the hip?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris

Answer

Rectus femoris and vastus lateralis

Answer

Gluteus medius and minimus

Answer

Sartorius and adductor magnus

Question 39

Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform external rotation of the tibia?

Accepted Answer

Long and short heads of the biceps femoris

Answer

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer

Popliteus and gracilis

Answer

Gluteus maximus and piriformis

Question 40

Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what muscles?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, popliteus, and gastrocnemius

Answer

Vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and long head of the biceps femoris

Answer

Tibialis anterior and fibularis longus

Answer

Adductor longus and magnus

Question 41

Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what nerves?

Accepted Answer

Common peroneal, tibial, medial and lateral sural, genicular, and posterior femoral cutaneous

Answer

Femoral, tibial, deep fibular, common fibular, sciatic, and obturator nerves

Answer

Deep fibular and superficial fibular only

Answer

Lateral femoral cutaneous and sciatic nerves

Question 42

Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what arteries?

Accepted Answer

Popliteal genicular

Answer

Anterior tibial and fibular

Answer

Inferior epigastric

Answer

Medial circumflex femoral

Question 43

What arteries in the popliteal fossa supply blood directly to the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Superior medial genicular, superior genicular, middle genicular, inferior medial genicular, and inferior lateral genicular

Answer

Deep femoral and obturator arteries

Answer

Inferior gluteal, superior gluteal, middle genicular, obturator, internal iliac, external iliac, and femoral arteries

Answer

Internal iliac and external iliac branches

Question 44

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior thigh?

Accepted Answer

No

Answer

Yes, severely

Answer

Only sensory, not motor

Answer

Only motor

Question 45

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior leg?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it involves the deep fibular nerve off of common peroneal (fibular) nerve

Answer

No

Answer

Yes, it involves the femoral nerve

Answer

Only affects sensory

Question 46

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the medial thigh?

Accepted Answer

No, this involves the obturator nerve (damage distal to nerve)

Answer

Yes

Answer

No, this involves the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer

Yes, the femoral nerve is involved

Question 47

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior leg?

Accepted Answer

Yes, this involves the tibial nerve

Answer

No

Answer

Yes, this involves the femoral nerve

Answer

Only sensory fibers would be affected

Question 48

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior thigh?

Accepted Answer

No, this involves the femoral nerve (damage distal to nerve)

Answer

Yes, the sciatic nerve controls this area

Answer

Yes, the obturator nerve is involved

Answer

Only sensory innervation is affected

Question 49

Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the foot?

Accepted Answer

Yes, innervation to the foot from tibial and common fibular nerve

Answer

No

Answer

Only the tibial nerve is involved

Answer

Only deep fibular nerve controls the foot

Thigh and Knee Practice exam

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