Exploring Matter and Its Changes

What are the three main states of matter?

• plasma, vapor, foam

• solid, liquid, plasma

• gas, liquid, crystal

• solid, liquid, gas

Describe the properties of solids.

• Solids have no definite shape or volume.

• Solids are easily compressible and have low density.

• Solids can only be crystalline and not amorphous.

• Solids have a definite shape and volume, are incompressible, have high density, and can be crystalline or amorphous.

What happens to the particles in a liquid when it is heated?

• The particles in a liquid stop moving when heated.

• The particles in a liquid move faster and spread apart when heated.

• The particles in a liquid sink to the bottom when heated.

• The particles in a liquid become solid when heated.

Define a gas and give an example.

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

• Nitrogen (N2)

• Oxygen (O2)

• Helium (He)

What is a phase change?

• A phase change is the change in temperature of a substance.

• A phase change is the transition of a substance between different states of matter.

• A phase change is the process of mixing two substances.

• A phase change refers to a chemical reaction.

List the phase changes that matter can undergo.

• melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, deposition

• dissolution

• crystallization

• ionization

What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

• A physical change is reversible, while a chemical change is always irreversible.

• A physical change affects form, while a chemical change alters composition.

• A physical change creates new substances, while a chemical change does not.

• A physical change involves a change in temperature, while a chemical change does not.

Give an example of a physical change in matter.

• Dissolving sugar in water

• Melting ice into water

• Boiling water to steam

• Rust forming on iron

What are pure substances?

• Pure substances are mixtures of different particles.

• Pure substances can have varying compositions.

• Pure substances are always gases at room temperature.

• Pure substances are materials with a uniform and definite composition, consisting of only one type of particle.

How do mixtures differ from pure substances?

• Pure substances can be easily separated into their components, while mixtures cannot.

• Mixtures consist of only one type of particle, while pure substances contain multiple components.

• Mixtures differ from pure substances in that mixtures contain multiple components that can be separated, while pure substances consist of only one type of particle.

• Mixtures are always homogeneous, while pure substances are not.