Sophia is unable to resolve website addresses from her computer. Which port must be open on the firewall for DNS to work properly?

• 22

• 53

• 80

• 443

The cybersecurity team notices their company’s website is being overloaded by traffic from numerous unknown sources. What is the most likely cause?

• Data exfiltration

• Botnet-driven DDoS

• DNS amplification

• ARP scanning

A company in Berlin wants to prevent their internal IP structure from being exposed to the internet. What should they implement?

• Enable DNSSEC

• Use a VPN

• Apply NAT

• Switch to IPv6

While investigating slow connectivity between office locations, Lucas uses a command-line tool that displays the path and delay time of each hop. What tool is this?

• ping

• netstat

• tracert

• nslookup

Isabella is assigned a /24 network but needs to divide it into smaller segments for different departments. What technique should she use?

• Supernetting

• Fragmentation

• Subnetting

• Loopback assignment

Oliver wants to see which software on his laptop is using open TCP connections. What tool should he use?

• arp

• ping

• netstat

• tracert

Diego needs secure access to his company’s Linux server while working remotely. Which protocol should he use?

• Telnet

• HTTP

• SSH

• FTP

A network printer shared across departments is accessed using Windows sharing services. Which protocol enables this?

• ARP

• SMB

• FTP

• DNS

To keep public-facing services separate from the internal company network, the IT team places them in a special zone. What is this setup called?

• Gateway tunnel

• DMZ

• NOC

• Subnet group

Ethan sets up Wi-Fi at home and wonders why it’s considered less secure than a wired connection. What is the reason?

• Wi-Fi always uses public IPs

• Wireless data can be intercepted more easily

• Wi-Fi blocks VLAN tagging

• DHCP has no encryption