Exploring Atomic Structure

What are the three main types of subatomic particles?

• Protons, Photons, Neutrons

• Electrons, Neutrons, Positrons

• Quarks, Gluons, Bosons

• Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

What is the charge and mass of a proton?

• Charge: +1 elementary charge; Mass: 1.007276 amu (approximately 1.6726 x 10^-27 kg)

• Charge: +2 elementary charge; Mass: 1.007276 amu

• Charge: 0 elementary charge; Mass: 1.007 amu

• Charge: -1 elementary charge; Mass: 1.008 amu

How do neutrons differ from protons in terms of charge?

• Neutrons and protons both have a positive charge.

• Neutrons have a positive charge, while protons have a negative charge.

• Neutrons have no charge, while protons have a positive charge.

• Neutrons have a negative charge, while protons have no charge.

What is the role of electrons in an atom?

• Electrons are the heaviest particles in an atom.

• Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding and determine the atom's charge.

• Electrons are responsible for the atom's mass.

• Electrons do not participate in chemical reactions.

Define electron configuration and its significance.

• Electron configuration is irrelevant to chemical bonding.

• Electron configuration is solely about the mass of an atom.

• Electron configuration only describes the physical state of an element.

• Electron configuration is significant because it helps predict an element's chemical properties, reactivity, and the types of bonds it can form.

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

• 2

• 8

• 1

• 4

What is the electron configuration for carbon?

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

• 1s² 2s² 2p²

• 1s² 2s¹ 2p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p¹

What are isotopes and how do they differ from one another?

• Isotopes are compounds formed by different elements with the same mass.

• Isotopes are identical in both protons and neutrons but differ in chemical properties.

• Isotopes are variants of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

• Isotopes are elements with different numbers of protons and neutrons.

How is the atomic mass of an element calculated considering isotopes?

• The atomic mass is the sum of all isotopes' masses without considering their abundances.

• The atomic mass is a fixed value that does not change with isotopes.

• The atomic mass is determined solely by the most abundant isotope.

• The atomic mass is the weighted average of the isotopes' masses based on their natural abundances.

What is an ion and how is it formed?

• An ion is formed by the combination of two or more atoms.

• An ion is a type of atom that cannot gain or lose electrons.

• An ion is a charged particle formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

• An ion is a neutral particle formed by the loss of protons.