C Programming Concepts Assessment

What are the basic data types available in C?

• boolean

• string

• int, float, double, char, void

• array

Explain the difference between 'if' and 'switch' control structures in C.

• 'if' is used for loops, while 'switch' is for single conditions.

• The 'if' structure is for conditional checks, while 'switch' is for selecting among multiple cases based on a single expression.

• 'if' can only evaluate boolean expressions, while 'switch' can evaluate any data type.

• 'if' is faster than 'switch' in all cases.

What is a function in C and how is it defined?

• A function in C is simply a block of code that does not require any parameters.

• In C, a function is declared with the syntax: function_name(parameter_type) return_type { // body }

• A function in C is defined as function_name(parameter_type parameter_name) { // function body }

• A function in C is defined using the syntax: return_type function_name(parameter_type parameter_name) { // function body }

Describe recursion and provide an example of a recursive function in C.

• int factorial(int n) { if (n <= 1) return 1; return n * factorial(n - 1); }

• int power(int base, int exp) { return base * power(base, exp - 1); }

• int sum(int n) { return n + sum(n - 1); }

• int fibonacci(int n) { return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2); }

What is a pointer in C and how is it used?

• A pointer in C is a variable that holds the address of another variable, enabling direct memory access and manipulation.

• A pointer in C is a variable that stores a string value.

• A pointer in C is a type of function that executes code.

• A pointer in C is a special data type that can only hold integer values.

Explain the concept of dynamic memory allocation in C.

• Dynamic memory allocation in C is the process of allocating memory during program execution using functions like malloc and free.

• Memory allocation in C is only possible using global variables.

• Dynamic memory allocation in C is done at compile time using static arrays.

• Dynamic memory allocation in C is managed automatically by the compiler.

What are the different file modes available in C for file I/O operations?

• a+

• The different file modes available in C for file I/O operations are: 'r', 'w', 'a', 'rb', 'wb', 'ab', 'r+', 'w+', 'a+'.

• r+

• w+

How do you read from a file in C?

• Use fopen to open the file, then fread/fscanf/fgets to read, and fclose to close.

• Use file_get_contents to read the entire file at once.

• Open the file with open() and read using read().

• Use readfile to access the file contents directly.

What is a structure in C and how does it differ from a union?

• A structure can hold multiple values of different types simultaneously, while a union can hold only one value at a time, sharing the same memory space.

• A structure can only hold one value at a time, while a union can hold multiple values of different types.

• A structure is used for defining functions, while a union is used for variable declarations.

• Structures and unions are identical in functionality and usage in C.

How do you define and access members of a structure in C?

• Define a structure using 'class' and access members using '::'.

• Use 'struct' to define a structure and access members with '[]'.

• Define a structure with 'struct' and access members using '()' or '->' instead of '.'

• Define a structure using 'struct' and access members using '.' or '->'.