Bone Structure and Function Worksheet

What is the primary function of the periosteum?

• Protects the bone

• Produces red blood cells

• Stores calcium

• Provides structural support

Which type of bone tissue is lighter and contains red or yellow bone marrow?

• Compact bone

• Cortical bone

• Spongy bone

• Periosteal bone

What happens when osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity?

• Bone density increases

• Bone density decreases

• Bone lengthens

• Bone becomes thicker

What is the main structural difference between spongy bone and compact bone?

• Spongy bone lacks osteocytes

• Spongy bone has an open lattice pattern

• Compact bone is found only in children

• Compact bone contains red marrow

Which part of a long bone contains the medullary cavity?

• Epiphysis

• Metaphysis

• Diaphysis

• Endosteum

Where is red bone marrow primarily found in children?

• Cortical bone

• Spongy bone

• Growth plates

• Periosteum

What is the role of osteoblasts in bone remodelling?

• Break down bone tissue

• Build new bone tissue

• Transport nutrients to bones

What type of bone is characterised by its irregular shape?

• Long bones

• Flat bones

• Short bones

• Irregular bones

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?

• Enables movement

• Protects internal organs

• Stores minerals

• Produces hormones

During embryonic development, what is the skeletal template initially composed of?

• Bone tissue

• Cartilage and membranous connective tissue

• Compact bone

• Spongy bone