What is the function of the afferent arterioles?

Supplies blood to the glomeruli

Brings highly oxygenated blood to the kidneys

Carries blood away from the glomeruli

Empties blood into the inferior vena cava

What is the function of tubular secretion?

Process by which substances move from blood into the urine

Process of removing particles from a solution by allowing the liquid solvent to pass across a barrier

Movement of wastes across glomeruli into Bowman's capsule

Reabsorption of most small proteins and peptides

The nurse is reviewing the difference between micturition and incontinence with a client. Which statement accurately explains the process of micturition?

The maximum of urine in the bladder

Involuntary voiding on actions such as sneezing and coughing

The nurse needs to consider the effects of aging on the urinary system. What nursing interventions are related to the effect of aging on the urinary system? Select all that apply.

Monitoring the fluid intake and urinary output.

Assessing the client for dehydration.

Keeping a nightlight on to make nighttime bathroom visits safe.

Assessing the client for edema.

Allowing one hour between the last fluid intake and bedtime.

Which are functions of the kidneys? Select all that apply.

Regulation of electrolytes by excretion

Maintenance of acid-base, and fluid and electrolyte balance

Regulation of electrolytes and reabsorption

Conversion of vitamin B12 to a useful form

A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic nephropathy. The nurse should monitor the client for which urinary complication?

Increased incidence of urinary incontinence

A nurse is caring for a client with history of nocturia who is confined to bed. What intervention should be implemented for this client?

Ensure fluid restriction during the day.

Have client refrain from drinking cranberry juice.

Assist the client in using incontinence pads.

Chapter 89 Which is a function of the lower urinary tract?

Store urine until micturition occurs.

Filter by-products of metabolism.

Adjust fluid and electrolyte balance.

A nurse is caring for a client who reports frequent urination. When assessing the urinalysis report, the nurse should look for what component to confirm a normal urinalysis?

Absence of glucose in the urine

A specific gravity of 1.030 to 1.050

A pH level ranging from 12 to 16

Presence of red blood cells (RBCs)

A nurse is preparing a client for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). What intervention should the nurse be prepared to implement?

Determine whether the client is allergic to shellfish.

Keep the client NPO (nothing by mouth) for at least 4 hours.

Avoid the use of laxatives before the procedure.

Provide the client with only a few sips of water if thirsty.

A client is scheduled for cystoscopy to determine which of her kidneys is diseased. Which should the nurse consider when caring for this client?

Help the client with sitz baths to ease voiding.

Obtain a urine culture immediately after the test.

Report any blood-tinged urine following the procedure.

Keep the client NPO for 24 hours following the procedure.

A client is scheduled for a cystoscopy for removal of a kidney polyp. What nursing measure should the nurse undertake when caring for this client?

Report any darkening urine after the cystoscopy.

Ask the client to reduce salt intake for 2 weeks after the cystoscopy.

Make sure the client is not allergic to iodine dye before the cystoscopy.

Ask the client not to drink fluids immediately after the cystoscopy.

Following identification of a mass by imaging studies, a client undergoes a needle biopsy of the kidney for a specific diagnosis. Which should the nurse consider for this procedure?

Apply pressure to the site to minimize bleeding.

Prepare the client for general anesthesia.

Place the client in a side-lying position.

Place a soft pillow under the client's abdomen.

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing urge incontinence. What should the nurse include in the client education?

Tell the client to perform Kegel exercises daily.

Ask the client to decrease fluid intake.

Ask the client to void small amounts frequently.

Tell the client to perform Credé maneuvers.

A 60-year-old female client experiencing stress urinary incontinence is not considered a good candidate for surgical repair of the problem. Her healthcare provider recommends a pessary. Which describes this treatment?

A device is inserted into the vagina to support the organs of the pelvis.

A small electrode connected to a generator is placed in the vagina or rectum.

The healthcare provider applies firm, gentle pressure above the bladder.

A computer is used to monitor how well the client does Kegel exercises.

A nurse is caring for a female client diagnosed with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). What intervention should the nurse implement with this client?

Instruct the client to void before and after intercourse.

Instruct the client to take a bath with mild soap.

Tell the client to take vitamin D tablets daily.

Instruct the client to wipe the perineal area from back to front.

A client is diagnosed with hydronephrosis. What occurs in this condition?

Urine forms, but the flow of urine from the kidney is obstructed.

Calculi and lithiasis form primarily in the kidneys.

Fibrous bands form along the ureters or the urethra, thereby narrowing it.

Multiple clusters of benign tumors form on the kidneys.

A nurse is caring for a client with renal calculi. What measure should the nurse employ for this client?

Strain all urine through a piece of gauze, cheesecloth, or strainer.

Encourage the client to drink at least 1 liter of fluids daily.

Ask the client to try to avoid ambulating, if possible.

Encourage the client to consume plenty of dairy products.

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about the incidence and etiology of nephromas. Which accurately describes this condition? Select all that apply.

Kidney tumors are rare in people under 30 years of age.

Some nephromas have a hereditary risk factor.

Clients over age 65 should be screened for this condition

Kidney tumors are almost always benign.

Kidney tumors occur more frequently in women.

The nurse discusses the risk factors of bladder cancer with a client who is being tested for the disease. Which is one of these risk factors? Select all that apply.

Frequent urinary tract infections

A nurse is caring for a client with an ileal conduit for urinary diversion following bladder removal. What intervention should the nurse be prepared to implement when caring for this client?

Use a solvent to loosen the appliance during removal.

Change the conduit appliance daily.

Use a synthetic barrier cream that contains karaya.

Wet the skin before applying the new appliance.

The nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary diversion in which the ureters are brought to the abdominal wall as a stoma. This is known as what type of diversion?

Ileal conduit urinary diversion

Neobladder to urethra diversion

The nurse is caring for a client who diagnosed with renal failure. Which of the following is a characteristic of this disease?

Abnormal levels of potassium, calcium, and phosphate are found in the blood.

Waste products are removed from the blood into the kidneys.

Azotemia occurs and potassium is retained in the blood.

The phases of renal failure are always characterized by overproduction of urine.

The nurse monitoring clients for symptoms of renal failure knows that oliguria is common in the early phases of renal failure. How would the nurse describe this condition?

Urinary output is >400 mL in a 24-hour period.

Urinary output has stopped altogether.

A nurse is caring for a client during peritoneal dialysis as treatment for kidney failure. What measure should the nurse employ for this client?

Encourage the client to breathe deeply.

Cool the dialysate solution before use.

Allow the client to drink water before dialysis.

Leave the solution in the peritoneum for only 30 minutes.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hemodialysis. During dialysis, what measure should the nurse be prepared to implement when caring for this client?

Keep two clamps on the dressing over the cannula.

Check the shunt every 20 to 30 minutes for vibration.

Measure blood pressure on the nondominant hand.

Encourage the client to drink enough orange juice.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving dialysis. An order on the client's chart reads 'Guaiac all stools.' What should the nurse be prepared to do?

Send all stools for occult blood test.

Monitor all stools for consistency and color.

Measure all stools to monitor the output.

Send all stools for a culture and sensitivity test.

Urinary System and Urinary Disorders Basic Nursing & Human Body

Authored by SELA BLOOMFIELD

Biology

University

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Urinary System and Urinary Disorders Basic Nursing & Human Body

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

Low levels of calcium

Low levels of sodium

High levels of chloride

High levels of potassium

Low level of potassium

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Urinary System and Urinary Disorders Basic Nursing & Human Body

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Chapter 27
The nurse is reviewing the organs and functions of the urinary system with a client who is to have bladder surgery. What information should the nurse give to the client about the function of the urinary bladder?