What is the primary purpose of foundations in building construction?

• To decorate the building

• To support the roof structure

• To transfer loads to the ground

• To provide insulation

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of foundations in building construction is to transfer loads to the ground. This ensures stability and prevents settling or shifting, which is crucial for the safety and integrity of the structure.

Which of the following is a common type of shallow foundation?

• Pile foundation

• Raft foundation

• Caisson foundation

• Pier foundation

Answer explanation

A raft foundation is a common type of shallow foundation that spreads the load over a large area, making it suitable for supporting structures on weak soils. In contrast, pile, caisson, and pier foundations are considered deep foundations.

What material is most commonly used for structural framing in modern buildings?

• Plastic

• Timber

• Steel

• Glass

Answer explanation

Steel is the most commonly used material for structural framing in modern buildings due to its high strength, durability, and ability to support large loads, making it ideal for skyscrapers and other large structures.

Which drawing provides a vertical view of a building’s structure?

• Plan view

• Elevation

• Section

• Isometric

Answer explanation

A section drawing provides a vertical view of a building's structure, showing the internal features and heights. In contrast, a plan view shows a horizontal layout, while elevation and isometric views serve different purposes.

What is the purpose of insulation in a building?

• To support the roof

• To enhance aesthetics

• To reduce heat loss

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of insulation in a building is to reduce heat loss, helping to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature and improve energy efficiency. This is crucial for reducing heating costs and enhancing overall comfort.

Which of the following is a non-load bearing component?

• Beam

• Column

• Partition wall

• Foundation

Answer explanation

A partition wall is a non-load bearing component, meaning it does not support any structural loads. In contrast, beams, columns, and foundations are all load-bearing elements essential for structural integrity.

What is the function of a damp-proof course (DPC)?

• To prevent heat loss

• To prevent water rising through walls

• To support the roof

• To provide ventilation

Answer explanation

The function of a damp-proof course (DPC) is to prevent water rising through walls, which helps protect the structure from moisture damage. This makes the correct answer 'To prevent water rising through walls'.

Which document provides detailed written instructions for construction work?

• Specification

• Elevation

• Schedule

• Plan

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Specification' as it provides detailed written instructions for construction work, outlining materials, methods, and quality standards necessary for the project.

What is the purpose of a cavity wall?

• To reduce cost

• To improve appearance

• To provide thermal insulation

• To support the roof

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of a cavity wall is to provide thermal insulation. The air gap between the two walls helps reduce heat loss, making buildings more energy-efficient.

Which of the following is a type of roof covering?

Answer explanation

A roof covering is a material used to protect a building from weather. Joists are structural components that support the roof, not a covering. Therefore, the correct answer is not provided in the options.