Unit 4-Genetics

What are variants (differences) in a gene that occur on a fixed spot on a chromosome called?

• alleles

• genomes

• nucleotides

• chromatids

What is the process called where one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself (clones), with no sperm or egg needed, and is common in bacteria and some plants?

• asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

• cross-pollination

• fertilization

What are tightly coiled strands of DNA found in the cells, with all living things having a specific number of them, and humans having 46 of them (23 pairs)?

• chromosomes

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• enzymes

What is made from nucleic acid and holds the code that makes up living things?

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

• Amino Acid

• Glucose

• Cholesterol

What is the thin stalk in a flower that holds up the anther, which produces pollen (part of the male reproductive structure in plants)?

• filament

• stigma

• petal

• sepal

What is the part of a chromosome that is inherited from the parent(s) and determines some of an organism’s characteristics?

• gene

• centromere

• nucleus

• ribosome

What is the study of heredity, which is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their offspring?

• genetics

• ecology

• anatomy

• botany

What are the instructions inside cells that determine traits (like eye color or flower color) and are carried by DNA called?

• genetic information

• cell walls

• mitochondria

• chlorophyll

What is another term for DNA, which stores genetic information and is found inside the nucleus of cells?

• genetic material

• cell wall

• mitochondria

• cytoplasm

What is an organism’s genetic code or gene combination for a trait, such as TT, Tt, or tt for plant height, called?

• genotype

• phenotype

• allele

• chromosome