Warm-Up Quiz: Factor related with pregnancy and fetal growth

1. What does a teratogen refer to?

• A nutrient essential for pregnant women and the fetus

• A substance that supports fetal development but effect on fetal growth

• A substance, condition, or environmental factor that can cause harm to the fetus during various stages of development

• A chemical used to treat diseases in pregnant women without side effects

2. During which stage of pregnancy is the fetus most sensitive to teratogens, due to the formation of major organs?

• Pre-embryonic stage (first 15 days after conception; weeks 1–2)

• Embryonic or organogenesis stage (days 18–60 after conception; weeks 3–8)

• Fetal development or perinatal stage (second and third trimesters)

• All stages carry equal risk

Continuous consumption of large amounts of alcohol (over 90 ml per day) by a pregnant woman can lead to which syndrome in the newborn?

• Thalassemia

• Down syndrome

• Turner syndrome

• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

4. Which diagnostic procedure is considered safe for pregnant women throughout all trimesters according to the sources?

• X-ray examination

• Radioactive iodine scan

• Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

• Exposure to high-dose gamma radiation

5. Pregnant women over 35 years old are at higher risk for which of the following, as noted in the sources?

• Increased ability to produce viable eggs

• Delivering a baby with low birth weight

• Decreased risk of chromosomal abnormalities

• Increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities and pregnancy complications

6. If a pregnant woman consumes more than 200 mg of caffeine daily, what risk may increase for the fetus?

• No effect if below 500 mg

• Decrease rate of organ development

• Larger-than-normal fetal size

• Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

7. Which vaccine is identified as potentially transmitting live virus to the fetus and should be avoided during pregnancy?

• Tetanus vaccine

• Live vaccines, such as MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)

• Influenza vaccine

• Covid-19 vaccine

8. How can maternal psychological conditions such as stress or depression affect the fetus?

• Enhance physical growth

• Reduce risk of preterm birth

• Affect neurological development and behavior in the fetus or newborn

• No effect on the fetus

9. How does mercury exposure affect the fetus according to the sources?

• Damages the central nervous system and increases risk of intellectual disability

• Promotes brain growth

• Increases fetal weight

• No clear impact on development

10. What does the group “CHEAP TORCHes” refer to in the sources?

• Essential vitamins for pregnant women

• Trace minerals that support fetal development

• A group of viruses that can cause congenital disabilities

• Medications safe for use during pregnancy