What are the main stages of the viral life cycle?

• The main stages of the viral life cycle are: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.

• entry, synthesis, maturation, exit

• binding, division, integration, lysis

• attachment, replication, release, mutation

Describe the process of attachment in the viral life cycle.

• The virus is released from the host cell through exocytosis.

• The virus enters the host cell by direct fusion with the membrane.

• The virus replicates its genetic material inside the host cell.

• The process of attachment involves the virus binding to specific receptors on the host cell surface.

What role does the host cell play in viral replication?

• The host cell prevents the virus from replicating.

• The host cell destroys the virus during replication.

• The host cell acts as a factory for viral replication.

• The host cell provides nutrients for the virus to die.

Explain the difference between lytic and lysogenic cycles.

• Lytic cycle occurs only in bacteria, while lysogenic cycle occurs in animals.

• Lytic cycle involves slow replication, while lysogenic cycle leads to immediate cell death.

• Lytic cycle leads to cell destruction and virus release, while lysogenic cycle integrates viral DNA into host DNA, allowing for replication without immediate lysis.

• Lytic cycle allows for viral DNA integration, while lysogenic cycle destroys the host cell.

How do viruses enter host cells?

• Viruses replicate outside the host cell before entering it.

• Viruses enter host cells by binding to cell surface receptors and either being engulfed or fusing with the cell membrane.

• Viruses can only enter cells through the bloodstream.

• Viruses enter host cells by injecting DNA directly into the nucleus.

What is the significance of viral genome replication?

• Viral genome replication has no impact on viral transmission.

• Viral genome replication is primarily for the production of antiviral drugs.

• Viral genome replication is significant for the propagation and survival of viruses.

• Viral genome replication is only important for vaccine development.

Describe the assembly stage in the viral life cycle.

• The assembly stage is when the virus enters a host cell.

• The assembly stage involves the replication of viral RNA.

• The assembly stage is the period when the virus is released from the host cell.

• The assembly stage is where viral components are packaged into complete virions.

What happens during the release stage of a virus?

• New viral particles exit the host cell.

• The host cell repairs itself after infection.

• The viral DNA is replicated inside the host.

• The virus enters a new host cell.

How do antiviral drugs affect viral reproduction?

• Antiviral drugs inhibit viral reproduction by targeting specific stages of the viral life cycle.

• Antiviral drugs have no effect on viral reproduction at all.

• Antiviral drugs only kill the host cells, not the viruses.

• Antiviral drugs enhance viral reproduction by promoting viral entry into cells.

Why is understanding virus reproduction important for public health?

• It is important for developing vaccines, predicting outbreaks, and implementing control measures.

• It aids in enhancing food preservation techniques.

• It is crucial for improving agricultural practices.

• It helps in understanding human genetics.