(Savvas 8.4) Ch 8.4 Strength of Acids and Bases

What is the name of the number scale chemists use to describe the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution?

• pH scale

• Richter scale

• Beaufort scale

• Decibel scale

The pH scale ranges from __________ to __________.

• 0 to 14

• 1 to 10

• -5 to 5

• 5 to 20

The pH of a neutral solution is

• 0

• 3

• 7

• 12

Water is neutral because it contains small but equal concentrations of __________ and __________.

• H₃O⁺ and OH^-

• Na⁺ and Cl^-

• CO₂ and O₂

• H₂ and O₂

If you add acid to pure water, the concentration of H₃O⁺ __________ and the concentration of OH^- __________.

• increases; decreases

• decreases; increases

• remains the same; increases

• increases; remains the same

When weak acids and bases dissolve in water, what happens?

• They partially ionize in water.

• They completely ionize in water.

• They do not dissolve in water at all.

• They form strong acids and bases.

When strong acids and bases dissolve in water, what happens?

• They partially ionize in water.

• They completely ionize in water.

• They do not dissolve in water at all.

• They form weak acids and bases.

xThe difference between concentration and strength is:

• Concentration refers to the amount of solute in a solution, while strength refers to the amount of solute in a given volume of solution.

• Concentration and strength are the same and can be used interchangeably.

• Concentration is about the color of the solution, while strength is about its taste.

• Concentration refers to the temperature of the solution, while strength refers to its pressure.

A buffer is:

• A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

• A device used to store electrical energy.

• A type of protein found in cell membranes.

• A chemical that speeds up reactions without being consumed.

An electrolyte is _______________.

• a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water.

• a substance that does not dissolve in water.

• a substance that cannot conduct electricity in any form.

• a substance that only conducts electricity in solid state.