QUIZ DPS2153 HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

What theory suggests that progress in science is driven by the "intellectual climate" of the times?

• Personalistic Theory

• Naturalistic Theory

• Structuralism

• Functionalism

What was the significant contribution of John Locke to psychology?

• Mind-body dualism

• Concept of "tabula rasa" (blank slate)

• Theory of innate ideas

• Development of psychoanalysis

Who was the first American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology and establish the APA?

• G. Stanley Hall

• William James

• Wilhelm Wundt

• Francis Galton

What is a key feature of Structuralism?

• Study of conscious experiences through introspection

• Study of unconscious motives

• Study of observable behavior

• Study of mental processes holistically

Which theory emphasizes that progress and change in scientific history are driven by unique individuals?

• Naturalistic Theory

• Personalistic Theory

• Gestalt Theory

• Psychoanalysis

What change did World War II bring to the field of psychology?

• Increased focus on psychoanalysis

• A shift in psychological practice to Europe

• Expansion of applied psychology into areas like clinical and engineering psychology

• Decreased reliance on psychological testing

How might a psychologist influenced by Francis Galton's work on individual differences approach hiring decisions?

• By using psychological tests to measure traits relevant to the job

• By analyzing unconscious motives of applicants

• By observing applicants' behavior in real-world settings

• By emphasizing the intellectual climate of the time

How do the contributions of Wilhelm Wundt and William James differ in shaping psychology?

• Both emphasized the unconscious mind but used different methodologies

• Wundt focused on mental processes, while James focused on their functions

• Wundt emphasized natural selection, while James studied behavior

• Both contributed to experimental psychology but in different countries

What role did the Zeitgeist play in the acceptance of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?

• It delayed its acceptance due to cultural resistance

• It created a supportive intellectual climate for its acceptance

• It influenced Freud’s psychoanalytic theories instead

• It restricted scientific progress in the 19th century

What distinguishes "innate ideas" from "derived ideas" according to Descartes?

• Innate ideas originate from the mind, while derived ideas stem from external stimuli

• Both are products of sensory experience

• Derived ideas are subjective, while innate ideas are empirical

• Innate ideas are false, while derived ideas are factual