Understanding Ideologies and Power

Who first formally used the term “ideology”?

• Karl Marx

• Friedrich Engels

• Claude Destutt De Tracy

• John Locke

According to Eagleton, ideology is primarily a:

• Form of dictatorship

• System of ideas for understanding the social world

• Theory of economics

• Legal structure of government

Which philosopher believed that tampering with tradition brings grief, not improvement?

• John Locke

• Edmund Burke

• Karl Marx

• Thomas Hobbes

Conservatism is best described as:

• Promotion of rapid change

• Resistance to change and preference for tradition

• Equality among all classes

• Advocacy for environmental sustainability

Who argued that in the “state of nature,” life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?

• Aristotle

• Adam Smith

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

Liberalism emphasizes:

• Government control of business

• Individual liberty and natural rights

• Religious dominance in politics

• Military rule

What is laissez-faire economics?

• Government takes full control of production

• Businesses are highly regulated

• Individuals operate with minimal government interference

• All wealth is equally distributed

Marxism views history through the lens of:

• Environmental degradation

• Divine will

• Class struggle

• Technological advancement

In Marxist theory, the working class is called the:

• Bourgeoisie

• Elite

• Proletariat

• Oligarchy

What does alienation mean in Marxism?

• War against another nation

• Freedom of speech

• Disconnection from one’s labor and social relationships

• Migration to another country